292 TANAGEIDiE. 



out Mexico northwards beyond the frontier into New Mexico and Arizona, and south- 

 wards into Guatemala. In the latter country, however, it is either a very local or a 

 very rare bird, as we never obtained specimens ourselves, and the only one we possess 

 has no precise locality attached to it, nor yet has one in the Strickland Collection at 

 Cambridge received from Constancia ^^. 



In Mexico, Sumichrast speaks of it as one of the most widely distributed of the 

 Tanagers, being found from the coast of the Gulf of Mexico to a height of nearly 

 10,000 feet above the sea. Grayson found P. hepatica quite common in the Sierra 

 Madre between Mazatlan and Durango in December, but he never met with it in the 

 Tierra Caliente proper. It seemed to him a mountain species ^^. 



P. hepatica may be distinguished from the other red PyrangoB except P. azaroe of 

 Bolivia, Paraguay, and the Argentine Republic, by the grey tint of the back. Like 

 P. testacea it has the prominent notch in the middle of the edge of the maxilla on 

 either side, but that species has a rich brick-red back without any admixture of grey. 

 From P. azarce the diflference is slight and consists chiefly in the cheeks being greyish 

 like the back, instead of red. The colour of the wings beneath, too, is whiter instead 

 of being rosy. These differences are very slight, and were the birds found in contiguous 

 areas, the propriety of separating them might well be questioned ; but divided as they 

 are by several thousand miles, these small distinctions acquire a greater value. 



5. Pyranga testacea. (Tab. Xix. figg. 1 c? , 2 $ .) 



Pyranga testacea, Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1868, p. 388 ^ P. Z. S. 1879, p. 502 ' j Ridgw. Pr. Ac. Phil. 

 1869, p. 133 ' j Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 187 ' ; Zeledon, Cat. Aves, Costa Rica, p. 7 \ 



Testaoeo-rubra unicolor, subtus clarior ; loris obscure cinereis, alis fusois intus rosaceis extuB dorsi colore 



limbatis, Cauda rufo-fusca ; rostro nigricanti-corneo dente maxillari distinoto, pedibus obscure corylinis. 



Long, tota 7-0, alse 3-6, caudas 3-1, rostri a rietu 0-9, tarsi 0-85. (Descr. maris ex Chitra, Panama. 



Mus. nostr.) 

 ? flavioanti-olivacea subtus aureo-flava, pectore et hypochondriis oUvaceo perfusis, subalaribus flavis. (Descr. 



feminse ex Calovevora, Panama. Mus. nostr.) 



Eah. NiCAEAGtJA, Chontales {Belt) ; Costa Eica ( Van Patten, Zeledon % Angostura ^ « ; 

 Panama, Chitra ^^^ Boquete de Chitra *, Calovevora ^^ Santa Fe^ {Arc6). — Co- 

 lombia 2; Ecuador; Bolivia. 



The first specimen we received of this species, a male in transition plumage, was 

 referred to Pyranga hepatica ''. The subsequent receipt of adult birds of both sexes 

 at once showed its distinctness from that species. The upper back is of a rich 

 brick-red colour without any admixture of grey. The red of the under surface is also 

 of a much deeper tint than in P. hepatica. In the female there is no grey shade on 

 the back, and no yellow on the forehead and lores as in the allied species. 



Described originally from the State of Panama, P. testacea has now been traced 

 southwards to Bolivia. Bolivian and Ecuadorian examples are of a rather brighter 

 shade, but hardly to be distinguished on that account. 



