8ALTAT0E. 327 



which in some specimens, usually Mexican, is of a rich chestnut instead of white ; but 

 intermediate forms occur connecting the two. The colour of the bill, too, is subject 

 to variation, the mandible being often yellow, and sometimes the tip of the maxilla 

 as well. 



These varieties are probably due to age and season, as they cannot be associated with 

 any particular district. 



2. Saltator magnoides. 



Saltator magnoides, Lafr. Rev. Zool. 1844, p. 41'; Bp. Consp. i. p. 489"; Scl. P. Z. S. 1856 

 pp. 69^142^ 303 = ; 1859, pp. 364 ^ 377"; 1864, p. 174"*; Scl. & Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 14"; 

 P. Z. S. 1864, p. 351'°; 1870, p. 836''; Cab. J. f. Orn. 1860, p. 416 "; Lawr. Ann. Lye. 

 N. Y. viii. p. 180"; ix. p. 102"; Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 140"; 1870, p. 189 '^ Sumi- 

 chrast, Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. 1. p. 549"; v. Prantz. J. f. Orn. 1869, p. 300". 



Saltator gigantodes, Cab. Mus. Hein. i. p. 142'". 



Saltator magnus, LaTvr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. vii. p. 297^°. 



Saltator intermedius, Lawr. Proe. Ac. Phil. 1864, p. 106 " ; Ann. Lye. N. Y. viii. p. 176 '^ 



Supra olivaceus ; capite cinereo, pileo olivaceo intermixto, superciliis albis : subtus cinereus, gula media 

 castanea undique nigro late eiroumcincta, crisso ferrugineo ; rostro nigro, pedibus plumbeis. Long, tofca 

 8'0, alae 3'9, caudae 3-8, rostri a rictu 0-95, tarsi 0-9. (Descr. exempl. ex Choctum, Guatemala. Mus. 

 nostr.) 



Eab. Mexico 1 2 s 19^ Cordova {Salle ^), Jalapa {de Oca % Playa Vicente [Boucard ^), hot 

 region of Vera Cruz (Sumichrast ^^) ; Guatemala (Skinner ^), Coban ^, Chisec, Choc- 

 tum {0. S. & F.B. G.) ; HoNDUEAS, San Pedro {G. M. Whitely^^); Nicaragua, 

 Greytown (Holland 1^) ; Costa Eica {v. Frantzius ^^ 1^, Ellendorf ^^), Turrialba 

 (Carmiol ^^, Arce), San Jose and Angostura (Carmiol ^^), Bebedero (ArcS), Irazu 

 (Bogers); Panama, Chiriqui (Bridges^, Arce^^), David [HicJcs^^), Bugaba^^ 

 Chitra i^, Mina de Chorcha i^, Calovevora i^, Santa Fe is [Arce), Lion Hill {M'Lean- 

 nan 10 20 2iy 



Saltator magnoides inhabits much the same range of country as S. atriceps, being 

 found together with it in the hot low-lying forest-region from Southern Mexico to 

 Panama, where it is perhaps even more common than the allied species. In Guatemala, 

 however, it is restricted to the forests of Vera Paz, and does not appear to occur on the 

 Pacific side of the Cordillera, where S. atriceps is common. It keeps also to the east 

 side of the isthmus until we reach Costa Rica, where it is to be met with on both sides 

 of the Cordillera, and thence spreads onwards to the isthmus of Panama. Panama 

 specimens were separated by Mr. Lawrence under the name of 8. intermedius, as they 

 seemed to him to be intermediate between *S'. magnoides and S. magnns of South 

 America. In his paper on Arce's collections i^, Salvin was at some pains to show that 

 the characters relied on by Mr. Lawrence are not of much moment, and we have no 

 reason now to go back from this verdict. 



Another synonym of this Saltator is S. gigantodes, Cab.^^ Mr. Sclater examined the 



