408 PEINGILLIDiE. 



P. carmani was discovered by Grayson in the island of Socorro during his visit there 

 in 1867, an account of which was published in the fourteenth volume of the ' Proceedings 

 of the Boston Society of Natural History.' He there says that this is an abundant 

 species, found in all the thickets of the island ; many of them took up their abode in 

 his camp, picking up crumbs, and were as tame as domestic fowls ; he adds that he 

 found them feeding at times on small seeds of plants, but more frequently on the 

 ground, scratching up dry leaves in search of insects ; their notes he describes as rather 

 feeble, slightly resembling those of P. erytJir&phthalmus of the Eastern States, a bird it 

 also resembles in habits and general appearance. 



P. carmani is placed by Eidgway as a variety of P. maculatus ; but it may be at 

 once distinguished by its small size and other characters, all of which must be reckoned 

 of more importance as regards the position of this bird as a species, seeing how com- 

 pletely isolated its domicile is. 



3. Fipilo maculatus. 



Pipilo maculatus, Sw. Phil. Mag. new ser. i. p. 434 ' ; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 487 ^ j Scl. P. Z. S. 1858, 

 p. 304'; 1859, p. 380*; Sumichrast, Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. i. p. 552'; Scl. & Salv. 

 P. Z. S. 1869, p. 361 " ; Lawr. BuU. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 4, p. 22 '. 



Pipilo oregonus, Salv. Ibis, 1866, p. 193 " ; Duges, La Nat. i. p. 140'. 



Pipilo submaculatus, Ridgw. Auk, 1886, p. 332 ^° ? 



Supra brunneus, capite toto nigricante, interscapulii plumis nigro striatis, et in pogouio externo nigro maculatis, 

 tectricibus alarum et secundariis intimis albo notatis, campterio albo ; caudae recfcricibus utrinque tribus 

 externis ad apices, et extima in pogonio externo albis ; subtus abdomine medio albo, h3rpocliondriis et 

 crisso Isete castaneis ; rostro nigro, pedibus corylinis. Long, tota 8-0, alse 3'4, caudse 4-0, rostri a rictu 0-65, 

 tarsi 1-1. (Descr. maris ex Oaxaca, Mexico. Mus. nostr.) 



Hab. Mexico 2^, Guanajuato {Bugh^), Eeal del Monte {Bullock'^), plateau and alpine 

 region of Vera Cruz ^, Cienguilla'^ (Sumichrast), Parada^, Cinco Senores ^ {Boucard), 

 Tezuitlan State of Puebla {Biaz ^o] ; Guatemala, Quezaltenango, Solola, Chimal- 

 tenango {0. S. & F. B. G. % 



We have before us a specimen from Swainson's collection marked "Pipilo maculatus, 

 Sw. Syn. Mex. No. 45, Ward; 1 if from Brazil or Mexico." This is evidently not the 

 type of P maculatus, which formed part of Bullock's collection, and came from Rio del 

 Monte in Mexico ; but being named by Swainson himself, we are doubtless justified 

 in considering it more typical than any other specimen extant. It agrees with the 

 description in every respect except that we should call the upper surface brown rather 

 than olivaceous brown. With this specimen we have others agreeing very closely from 

 Oaxaca and from the highlands of Guatemala. Sumichrast states that Pipilo maculatus 

 is common on the plateau of Mexico, and it is also iound in the alpine region in smaller 

 numbers, never descending below 4600 feet; he adds that it nests upon the plateau. 

 In Guatemala it is a common species in the highlands, at elevations varying from 6000 

 to 9000 feet ; it frequents brushwood on the edges of the plains. 



