CAEP0DACU8.— LOXIA. 423 



Temiscaltepec, Eeal del Monte (Bullock ^% plateau of Vera Cruz (Sumichrast^), 

 San Andres Gorion {SalU% Oaxaca o (Boucard'', Femchio). 



Mr. Eidgway decides that this species is the Fringilla mexicana of Miiller, and on 

 this point there seems little doubt that he is right, though we regret having to abandon 

 Wagler's name of F. hcemorrhoa for it. But Mr. Eidgway is still at fault in his 

 nomenclature of these birds, mexicana being the oldest name must take precedence 

 oi. frontalis ! As already stated, we are in doubt if the Frontera and Monterey birds 

 called C. frontalis by Prof. Baird really belong here, or to the species to which they 

 were referred. The Carpodacus from Southern Mexico, which we recognize as Wagler's 

 C. hwmorrhous, is readily distinguishable from G. frontalis by the absence of the rosy 

 tint over the back, the broader crimson forehead, the greyer vertex, and the much more 

 restricted and deeper-coloured crimson throat. 



After D'Aubenton's type, the first specimens obtained were probably those submitted 

 to Swainson by Bullock, who shot them at Temiscaltepec and Real del Monte in the 

 tableland of Mexico '^^. Deppe subsequently sent examples to the Berlin Museum, 

 probably from the State of Oaxaca, and it was to his specimens that Lichtenstein gave 

 the name hoemorrhous \ afterwards adopted by Wagler ^, who considered the bird to 

 be the Nochtototl of Hernandez i^. 



Sumichrast says that C. mexicanus is common throughout the plateau of Mexico, 

 being also found in the elevated portions of the State of Vera Cruz ^. Grayson 

 observed a Carjpodacus in the city of Durango in February, in Guadalajara in May, 

 and in Tepic in December, May, and June, and observes that it breeds in these 

 localities, but does not visit the coast-region ^^. Mr. Lawrence named Grayson's 

 birds C. frontalis, and we refer them to C. mexicanus with doubt, not having seen 

 specimens from that portion of Mexico. 



Nothing has been published that we are aware of concerning the nest and eggs of 

 this species, which most probably resemble those of C. frontalis. 



There is a specimen in the British Museum with the red of the head replaced by 

 yellow, thus resembling D'Aubenton's figure. 



LOXIA. 



Loxia, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 399 (1766). 



Loxia, as restricted to the Crossbills, contains five or six rather indefinite species, the 

 number depending very much upon the amount of variation accorded to each. The 

 only one which concerns us is L. meodcana, a modification of L. americana or of 

 L. curvirostra itself. Loxia is a genus of the Palsearctic and Neotropical Eegions, 

 being found sporadically and at uncertain seasons over the whole of the north tempe- 

 rate zone. L. mexicana is probably the only species which passes the tropic, and this 

 only in the Mexican highlands. 



