CTENOPHORES OF THE ATLANTIC COAST OF NORTH AMERICA 51 
begin to give rise to lateral branches, and the papille flanking the apical 
pole-plate have greatly increased in number. The steel-blue color of 
the gelatinous substance and the pink of the meridional vessels begin 
to appear at a later stage. 
When the young animal from Tortugas, Florida, is 26 mm. long, 
and 18 mm. wide in the broad, and 7 wide in the narrow axis of the body, 
the oral forks of each head side of the body remain separate, and do not 
fuse across the narrow sides. The two broad sides are, however, con- 
nected one with another by an anastomosing network from the 4 meri- 
dional canals which flank the 2 narrow sides of the body. Hence the 
network of the narrow sides anastomoses and forms a complete circum- 
oral circuit before any anastomosing is seen on the broad sides of the 
animal. In this young animal there are as yet no fusions between the 
network and the 2 paragastric canals. The animal is now decidedly 
pink in color. 
Beroé ovata is abundant among the West Indies and along the coast 
of the United States as far north as Chesapeake Bay. This species is, 
I believe, identical with the Mediterranean form, although the Florida 
specimens are not so intensely pink as the Mediterranean ctenophore. 
Beroé shakespeart Benham, from New Zealand, is, I believe, identical 
with B. ovata, for it bears so close a resemblance to the form of B. ovata 
from Florida that were the two found together one could not separate 
them specifically. 
Form, size, and color are practically worthless as specific criteria 
in the genus Beroé. 
Beroé ovata has been the subject of some interesting experimental 
work. Driesch and Morgan, 1895, found that if the egg be cut in two 
at the 2-cell stage, each blastomere gives rise to a half embryo, which, 
however, has 3 entodermal cells instead of 2, as one would expect. Only 
4 tows of cilia are developed. Hence each blastomere segments almost 
as if still a part of the whole egg. The same statement is true of the one- 
fourth blastomere obtained by separating the blastomeres of the 4-cell 
stage, for each develops into a one-fourth larva with, however, 2 ento- 
derm cells intead of 1. It will be recalled that Chun, 1892 (Festschrift 
far Leuckart, pp. 77-108), showed that an isolated blastomere of the 
2-cell stage in Bolinopsis produces a half-larva. 
Driesch and Morgan cut in two eggs of B. ovata which had been 
fertilized but had not yet segmented, and the part containing the nucleus 
divided in general like that of an isolated blastomere, giving rise to a 
partial embryo. Hence the incomplete development is due to the proto- 
plasm, not to the nucleus. 
Fischel, 1897 (Archiv Entwickelungsmechanik, Roux, Bd. 6, p. 109, 
Taf. 6), has continued these studies of Driesch and Morgan. He finds 
that if we isolate the blastomeres of B. ovata in the first, second, and 
third cleavages, larve develop with 4, 2, and 1 row of combs, respec- 
tively. Fischel also found that if we remove some of the blastomeres at 
any segmentation stage, partial larve result, which are the more nearly 
complete the smaller the removed part. Hence the result is the same 
whether the nucleus has divided or not, the nucleus manifesting no 
