614 



CHORD AT A. 



spur, a process of the tarso-metatarsus, covered with horn. The margins 

 of the upper jaw overlap the lower; the beak is bent downward at the tip 

 and is about as long as the head. Naked, richly vascular lobes form comb 

 and wattles which are specially large in the more elegantly plumaged 

 males. 



The Phasianid^ are polygamous; Phasiamis, with many species of 

 pheasants; Oallus hanMva of the Sunda Islands, the ancestors of domestic 



Fio. 643. —Foot forms. (From Schmarda.) n, semi-palmate, -srading of Ciconia : b.percli- 

 ing of Tutdiis : c, rasorial of Fkasianus : d, raptorial of Faico ; c, adherent of 

 Cypsehis ; /, cursorial of Struthlo ; g, zygodactyl (scansorial) of Picus ; A, lobate of 



Pndiceps ; i, lobate and scalloped of Fulica ; fc, palmate of An<.is ; /, totipalmate of 



f . Fhaethon. 



fowl. Meleagris* the turkeys. The Tetraonid^ are partly pol.vgamous, 

 partly monogamous. Coturnix* quail ; Perdix* partridge ; Bonasa* 

 grouse. The incubation of the Megapodes has been referred to (p. 611). 



Sub Order II. C0LUMBINJ3. The pigeons are distinguished from 

 the GallinaceiB by the more slender bodies, shorter legs, the toes free, and 

 the longer wings capable of prolonged flight. They are altrical ; the crop 

 produces a milky secretion used iu feeding the young. The Columbid.e 

 are the most widely distributed and are represented in the tropics by 

 numerous beautifully colored species. Cohiinha* According to Darwin 

 the domestic pigeons come from C. Uria, the blue rock pigeon ; Ectopistes 

 miijratorins* passenger pigeon, practically exterminated. Allied was the 

 dodo, Didiis hieptus, of Madagascar, exterminated in the eighteenth 

 century. 



Sub Order 111. NATATOKES. A number of families, while differing 

 much in structure, are united by their inclination for an aquatic life. 

 They are called swimming l)irds (Natatores) because, thanks to their 



