vi STUDIES IN FOSSIL BOTANY 



for, except perhaps in the Introduction, little trace of 

 the original lecture form survives. 



The first three chapters have been slightly re- 

 arranged, so as to give a somewhat more logical 

 division of the subject-matter. The substantial changes 

 in these chapters are not great, Mr. Hickling's new- 

 observations on Palaeostachya and M. Halle's investi- 

 gation of Mesozoic Equisetales being the chief 

 novelties. 



In Chapter IV. some account is given of a new 

 type of fructification in Sphenophyllum, and Professor 

 Nathorst's discovery of the group Pseudoborniales is 

 shortly noticed. 



In Chapter V. the changes are only in details, but 

 Chapter VI. has received important additions ; in 

 particular, the curious seed-like fructifications of certain 

 Palaeozoic Lycopods, only shortly referred to in the 

 first edition, have demanded fuller consideration. 



In Chapter VII. a considerable advance in our 

 knowledge both of Sigillaria and Stigmaria has been 

 placed on record, and a short section on the herbaceous 

 forms (Lycopoditeae) has been added, based on recent 

 researches from French and Swedish sources. 



The treatment of the Ferns (Chapters VIII. and IX.) 

 has of necessity been profoundly changed by the 

 discovery (due to Oliver, Kidston, Grand'Eury, White, 

 and others) that so large a proportion of the supposed 

 Palaeozoic Ferns were, in reality, seed-bearing plants. 



