SS 4 STUDIES IN FOSSIL BOTANY 



pinnae, directed inwards from the concave side of the 

 whole organ (Figs. 206 and 207 ; cf. the diagrams, 

 Figs. 208 and 209). The apical and basal pinnae are 

 sterile ; all the rest bear synangia, arranged in two 

 rows, the synangia numbering about ten in each row 



Flu. 208. — Cycadcoufca iugens. — Restoration of an expanded bisexual flower in longi- 

 tudinal section, showing the central ovtiliferous cone, the hypogynous whorl of pinna tely 

 compound stamens, bearing numerous synangia, and the surrounding bracts, hairy 

 with ramenta. About half natural size. From Wieland. 



in the case of the longest pinn;e. If, with Dr. Wieland, 

 we regard each synangium as representing a reduced 

 pinnule, the whole sporophyll must be called bipinnate. 

 The stamen was thus a highly complex organ, recalling 

 the fertile frond of a Fern rather than the comparatively 

 simple type of microsporophyll which we meet with 

 in the stamens of the higher plants. The elaborate 



