UNGULATA. 27 



describing the species. At that time, however, I omitted to call 

 attention to a point of structural difference, which is more im- 

 portant, as it seems to me, than the presence or absence of a brow- 

 tyne. The difference alluded to is well shown in Prof. Boyd 

 Dawkins' plate, and it is the variation in the plane of obliquity 

 of the burr. The plane of palmation of both antlers, it will be 

 seen, is represented as the same as that of the plate itself. The 

 obliquity of the burr of Fig. 1 is thus well seen ; but, in order to 

 show that of fig. 2, it has been necessary to give another view 

 of the base of the anller turned half way round. Thus when the 

 antler of C. Dawkinsi ffig. 1) was fixed to the skull the 

 plane of its palmation would be nearly vertical ; while in C. Fitchii 

 (Fig. 2) the palmation would be nearly at right angles to this. 

 I am not aware that in any species of deer, antlers one third 

 larger than a previous growth, assume so different a direction upon 

 the skull, as is indicated by this variation in the plane of 

 obliquity of the burr. 



Cervus Gunnii may very well be united with C. Fitchii {see 

 p. 28). 



C. Dawkinsi is only known from the Forest-bed of Norfolk. 



Cervus elaphus, LiiYiXjErs. 



(Red Beer.) 



Plate IV., Fig. 14. 



At the time when the Survey Memoir (Vert. Forest Bed, 

 p. 55, 1882), was published, there was much doubt as to whether 

 certain portions of antlers from the Forest-bed were those of 

 Cervus elaphus ; but since then better specimens have been found, 

 and one from Kessingland, belonging to the late Mr. Backhouse of 

 York, was determined by Mr. W. Uavies, of the British Museum, 

 in 1885, to be that of C. elaphus. Dr. Crowfoot, of Beccles. has 

 another undoubted specimen (Plate IV., fig. 14), from the 

 " peaty bed " at Kessingland ; and several fragments of antlers 

 previously known may now be referred to this species. 



These Forest-bed specimens are the earliest record of C. elaphus, 

 a species which is by no means uncommon in Pleistocene 

 deposits, and is now living in the temperate regions of Europe. 



Cervus btuekiakum, ghoizet & jobebi. 

 Plate 1 V., Figs. 4, a, b, 5. 



A specimen (Plate IV., fig. 5) in the King collection, from 

 the Forest-bed of Cromer, now in the Museum of Practical 

 Geology, has been referred with doubt to this species (Vert. 

 Forest Bed, p. 55, 1882). This is the specimen alluded to as 



