82 HORSESHOEING. 



holder then turns his body towards the right, brings his left leg 

 against the anterior surface of the fetlock-joint, and carries the 

 foot backward, at which time his left arm passes over the horse's 

 croup and above and to the inner side of the hock. Finally, 

 both hands encompass the long pastern. 



If the right feet are to be raised, the process is simply reversed. 



In raising the feet no unnecessary pain should be inflicted by 

 pinching, squeezing, or lifting a limb too high. The wise shoer 

 avoids all unnecessary clamor and disturbance ; quiet, rapid, 

 painless methods avail much more. In dealing with young 

 horses the feet should not be kept lifted too long; let them 

 down from time to time. In old and stiff horses the feet should 

 not be hfted too high, especially in the beginning of the shoeing. 



Vicious horses must often be severely handled. Watch the 

 play of the ears and eyes continually, and immediately punish 

 every exhibition of temper either by jerking the halter or bridle 

 vigorously, or by loud commands. If this does not avail, then 

 if soft ground is at hand make the horse back as rapidly as 

 possible for some time over this soft surface ; it is very disa- 

 greeable and tiresome to him. To raise a hind foot we may 

 knot a strong, broad, soft, plaited band (side hne) into the tail, 

 loop it about the fetlock of the hind foot, and hold the end. 

 This often renders valuable service. The holder seizes the band 

 close to the fetlock, draws the foot forward under the body, and 

 then holds it as above described. The use of such a band com- 

 pels the horse to carry a part of his own weight, and at the same 

 time hinders him from kicking. Before attempting to place this 

 rope or band about the fetlock, the front foot on the same side 

 should be raised. 



The various sorts of twitches are objectionable, and their use 

 should not be allowed unless some painful hoof operation is to 

 be done. The application of the tourniquet, or " Spanish wind- 

 lass," to the hind leg is equally objectionable. 



Those horses which resist our attempts to shoe them we do 

 not immediately cast or place in the stocks, but first have a 



