88 HORSESHOEING. 



corrected. It quite frequently tiappens that the sharp edge of 

 the wall must be repeatedly rounded, especially on very oblique 

 walls (outer half of base-wide hoofs), and the quarters may re- 

 quire frequent shortening, because they are not always worn 

 away as fast as the horn at the toe. 



P. Making Shoes.* 



Besides good, tough iron for the shoe, we need an anvil with 

 a round horn and a small hole at one end, a round-headed 

 hand-hammer, a round sledge, a stamping hammer, a pritchel 

 of good steel, and, if a fullered shoe is to be made, a round 

 fuller. Bodily activity and, above all else, a good eye for 

 measurement are not only desirable, but necessary. A shoe 

 should be made thoughtfully, but yet quickly enough to make 

 the most of the heat. 



The best method of making a shoe is that originated by Count 

 Einsiedel. It may be followed with but slight alterations in 

 making all ordinary shoes, whether heavy or light, and has this 

 advantage, that it enables the one who practises it for a time to 

 do rapid, neat, and elegant work. 



To make a flat shoe, take the length of the hoof from the point of the toe 

 to the buttress and the greatest width of the hoof ; these two measurements, 

 when added together, give the length of the bar for the shoe. The bar 

 should be of such width and thickness as will require the least amount of 

 working. For a shoe with heel-calks the bar must be correspondingly longer. 



Should we wish to preserve the exact outline of the plantar border of the 

 wall, we may advantageously use the podometer invented by Ewerloeff, shown 

 in Fig. 78. This consists of a perforated sheet-iron plate one-sixteenth to 



* On a shoe we distinguish an outer and an inner branch. The anterior 

 portion, formed by the union of the two branches, is called the toe. The 

 upper surface, upon which the hoof rests, is called the hoof-mrface, and the 

 under surface, which is in contact with the ground, the ground-surfaoe. That 

 portion of the hoof-surface which is in direct contact with the lower border 

 of the wall, the white line, and a narrow margin of the sole is termed the 

 bearing-surface, and when necessary " concaving" (seating) extends from this 

 to the inner border of the shoe. On the ground-surface is seen the " fuller- 

 ing" or " crease." 



