94 



HORSESHOEING. 



They secure the shoe against shifting ; therefore, as a rule, every 

 shoe must have a toe-clip. A side-clip should always be drawn 

 up on that branch of the shoe which first meets the ground in 

 locomotion. 



A Shoe with Heel-Calks. — All shoes with heel-calks designed 

 for healthy hoofs should be so made and applied that they will 

 disturb the normal setting down of the foot as little as possible, 

 that the wear of the shoe will take place uniformly, and slipping 

 be diminished. The toe of the shoe must, therefore, be left 

 somewhat thicker than the branches just in front of the heel- 

 calks. Moreover, every front shoe with heel-calks must be rela- 

 tively long, and be provided with considerable rolling motion at 

 the toe ; that is, the shoe should be turned up at the toe, the 

 bending beginning near the inner edge of the web. The three- 

 or four-cornered, somewhat conical heel-calks with rounded 

 edges should not be higher than the thickness of the shoe. With 

 reference to the direction of the ends of the branches, we should 

 see to it that they do not rise excessively, but that they assume 

 as near as possible a horizontal direction in passing back to the 

 heels (see Fig. 85). 



A Shoe with Toe- and Heel-Calks. — Such a shoe should 

 everywhere be of uniform thickness, and should have a toe-calk 



and two heel-calks that 

 ^^'^- ^^' are somewhat stronger 



and longer than the heel- 

 calks of a shoe which 

 has no toe-calk. If 

 to a shoe of uniform 

 thickness on which the 

 heel-calks are somewhat 

 higher than those al- 

 ready described a piece 

 of steel (Fig. 86, b) of 

 the height of the heel-calks is welded at the toe, we have a 

 shoe with toe- and heel-calks. The toe-calk should never be 



Shoe without calks, with perfectly level hoof- and 

 ground -surfaces, and with roll at the toe (flat, rolling- 

 motion shoe). 



Fig. 85. 



Shoe with heel-callts. 



