106 



HORSESHOEING. 



use, are, for many reasons, to be preferred to hand-made nails, 

 though the latter are rather tougher. 



Before the shoe is nailed on it should be cooled and again 

 carefully examined by a competent shoer, who should then place 

 it upon the hoof, where it should be critically observed to see 

 whether it really fulfils every requirement of a properly-fitting 

 shoe. Afterwards, the least fault or defect must be remedied, 

 and then the work of nailing it begins. By nailing, the shoe is 



Hand-made horseshoe-nails, natural size, 

 for fullered shoes (1, not berelled). 



Machine-made "Belch's" horseshoe- 

 nails, from Bergedorf near Hamburg, Ger- 

 many ; by reason of their low cap they 

 are suitable for either stamped or fullered 

 shoes. 



firmly and durably fastened to the hoof, in doing which the 

 horn of the wall is spared as far as possible, the elasticity of 

 the hoof borne always in mind, and wounding of the pododerm 

 entirely avoided. The nails must in all oases penetrate the 

 white line and pass through the wall in such a straight direction 

 that they will appear neither too high nor too low upon its outer 

 surface. In the first case there is considerable danger of prick- 



