HORSESHOEING. 145 



As long as there is pain on pressure about the toe there should 

 be no toe-clip, but two side-clips. The wall between these clips 

 should be lowered a tenth to an eighth of an inch to prevent 

 pressure of the shoe upon the sensitive tissues of the toe (Fig. 

 126). 



The shoes of horses affected with founder often work forward 

 as a result of the animals travelling upon their heels. To pre- 

 vent this evil, chps may be raised at the ends of the branches of 

 an open shoe, or one clip in the middle of the bar, in case a bar- 

 shoe is used (Fig. 127). 



7. Keraphyllocele (Horn Tumor). 



A keraphyllocele is a more or less sharply bounded horn-tumor projecting 

 from the inner surface of the wall. 



Its occurrence is rare. Its favorite seat is at the toe. It rarely causes 

 lameness. It can only be diagnosed with certainty when it extends down- 

 ward to the lower border of the wall. In this case there may be seen a half- 

 moon-shaped thickening of the white line which rounds inward upon the 

 edge of the sole, and is of a waxen color. Frequently the horn at this place 

 crumbles away, leaving a more or less dark-colored cavity from which there 

 sometimes escapes a small quantity of dark-grayish pus. 



Cauaei. — Chronic inflammation of the podophyllous tissue, resulting from 

 compression or bruising. 



Prognosis. — Unfavorable, whether there is lameness or not. If there is no 

 lameness it is very apt to arise later, and if lameness is already present it 

 can only be removed by an operation, which should be performed by a veter- 

 inarian. A return of the lameness following hard work at a trot upon hard 

 roads is always to be feared. 



Shoeing. — An ordinary shoe well concaved underneath the inflamed region, 

 which should be relieved of all pressure. 



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