148 HORSESHOEING. 



2. The Upright or Stumpy Hoop. 



The upright or stumpy hoof is that form in which the quarters, 

 with relation to the toe, are too long (too high). The wall at the 

 toe stands very steep, in some cases perpendicular, and is strongly 

 worn away by standing and travelling. 



Causes. — 1. The upright hoof is peculiar to the obtuse-angled 

 position (Fig. 46, page 60) and to the so-called bear-foot (Fig. 62, 

 page 64). 



2. It arises also as a result of all those alterations in the direc- 

 tion of the Kmbs which tend to remove the quarters from con- 

 tact with the ground (contraction of the flexor tendons, spavin). 



3. It may arise gradually from neglect of the hoofs of horses 

 running barefoot. 



4. It may arise from excessive shortening of the toe in relation 

 to the quarters. 



Shoeing. — The forms of hoofs mentioned in class 1 should be 

 left as they are. The hoofs that fall under class 2 should be 



dressed and shod until a more 

 FiQ- 130. natural setting down of the foot 



is secured. This is brought about 

 by sparing the quarters, and ap- 

 plying a shoe with thickened 

 branches or with heel - calks. 

 Where the service of the animal 

 is exacting and upon hard streets, 

 the toes, especially of the hind 

 "tip": a, end of tip let into the wau. shoes, may be made more dura- 

 ble by welding in steel plates. 

 Besides, the shoe should be moderately base-wide around the toe, 

 — that is, should be bevelled downward and outward, should 

 have a strong toe-dip, and should be quite concave at the toe and 

 rolled. Should the hoof tip forward whenever the weight is 

 thrown upon the limb, a shoe with a spur projecting from the 

 centre of the toe, and turning back and pressing upon the wall 

 just underneath the coronary band, will be of service. 



Upright or stumpy hoof, shod with a 



