4 . GENERAL KEY TO THE GAMOPETALOUS ORDERS. 



= = Ovaries two, with styles slightly united below or distinct. Vide 94. 

 = = = Ovary one, compound, with two or three (very rarely four or five) 

 cells or placentae : stamens distinct (or anthers at most lightly connate). 



o. Leaves opposite, simple, and mostly entire, with stipules or stipular line 

 connecting their bases : no milky juice. 



89. LOGANIACEjE. Ovary dicarpellary, two-celled : style single, but stigmas occa- 

 sionally four, usually only one. Seeds numerous : embryo rather small, in copious 

 albumen. 



b. Leaves with no trace of stipules : milky juice only in Gonvolvulaeece. 



90. GENTIANACEiE. Leaves opposite, sessile, simple and entire, except in Menyan- 

 thece. Ovary dicarpellary, one-celled, many-ovuled : placentae or ovules parietal. 

 Stigmas mostly two, introrse. Fruit capsular, septicidal, i. e. dehiscent through the 

 placentas or alternate with the stigmas. Seeds with minute embryo in fleshy albu- 

 men. Herbage smooth. 



79. DIAPENSIACEiE. Leaves alternate and simple, smooth. Ovary tricarpellary, 

 three-celled, as also the loculicidal many-seeded capsule, which has a persistent colu- 

 mella. Stamens five, either borne in sinuses of the corolla or monadelphous : in 

 some a series of petaloid staminodia alternate with the true stamens. Anthers in- 

 flexed on apex of the filament, or transversely dehiscent. Calyx and corolla imbri- 

 cated in the bud. Style one : stigma three-lobed. Embryo small in fleshy albumen. 

 Depressed or scapose and acaulescent perennials. 



91. POLEMONIACEiE. Leaves opposite or alternate, from entire to compound. Ovary 

 tri-(very rarely di-)carpellary, with as many cells, becoming a loculicidal capsule, 

 with solitary to numerous seeds borne on a thick placental axis. Stamens five, 

 distinct, borne on the tube or throat of the corolla ; the latter convolute in the bud, 

 the calyx imbricated. Style three-cleft or three-lobed at the summit : stigmas in- 

 trorse. Seeds with comparatively large straight embryo in rather sparing albumen. 



92. HYDRO PHYLLACEiE. Leaves mostly alternate, disposed to be lobed or divided. 

 Inflorescence disposed to be scorpioid in the manner of the next order. Corolla 

 five-lobed, imbricated or sometimes convolute in the bud. Stamens five, distinct. 

 Ovary undivided, dicarpellary, and style (with one exception) two-parted or two- 

 lobed : stigmas terminal. Capsule one-celled with two parietal or introflexed pla- 

 centas, each bearing two or more pendulous (or when very numerous horizontal) 

 seeds, or sometimes two-celled by the junction of the placentas in the axis. Seeds 

 with reticulated or pitted or roughened testa : a small or slender straight embryo in 

 solid albumen. 



93. BORRAGINACEjE. Leaves alternate, mostly entire, and with whole herbage apt 

 to be rough, hirsute, or hispid. Inflorescence cymose, commonly in the scorpioid 

 mode, the mostly uniparous or biparous cymes evolute into unilateral and often ebrac- 

 teate false spikes or racemes. Corolla five-lobed, sometimes four-lobed, imbricate or 

 convolute or sometimes plicate in the bud. Ovary dicarpellary, but usually seeming 

 tetramerous, being of four (i. e. two biparted) lobes around the base of the style, 

 maturing into as many separate or separable nutlets ; or ovary not lobed, two-four- 

 celled, in fruit drupaceous or dry, containing or splitting into as many nutlets. Soli- 

 tary seed with a mostly straight embryo and little or no albumen : radicle superior 

 or centripetal. 



