10 CAPRIFOLIACE^E. Viburnum. 



slightly suleate : seed reniform in cross section and somewhat lobed ; the albumen not rumi- 

 nated.— Fl. i. 179 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 18 ; Audubon, Birds Amer. i. t. 148. V. alnifolium, 

 Marsh. Arbust. 162. V. Lantana, var. grandiflorum, Ait. Kew. i. 372. V. grandifolium, 

 Smith in Rees Cycl. — Moist woods, New Brunswick and Canada to N. Carolina in the 

 higher mountains; fl. spring. (Japan?) 

 § 2. Cyme radiant, or not so : drupes light red, acid, edible, globose : putamen 



very flat, orbicular, even (not suleate nor intruded or costate) : leaves palmately 



veined : winter-buds scaly. — Opulus, Tourn. 



V. Opulus, L. (High Cranberry, Cranberry-Tree.) Nearly glabrous, occasionally 

 pubescent, 4 to 10 feet high : leaves dilated, three-lobed, roundish or br.oadly cuneate at 

 3-ribbed or pedately 5-ribbed base ; the lobes acuminate, incisely dentate or in upper leaves 

 entire : slender petioles bearing 2 or more glands at or near summit, and usually setaceous 

 stipules near base : cymes rather ample, terminating several-leaved branches, radiant. — 

 'Spec. i. 268; Ait. Kew. i. 373 (var. Americanum) ; Michx. Fl. i. 180 (vars.); Torr. & Gray, 

 1. c. V. trilobum, Marsh. Arbust. 162. V. opuloides, Muhl. Cat. V. Oxycoccus & V. edule, 

 Pursh, Fl. i. 203. — Swamps and along streams, New Brunswick to Saskatchewan, Brit. 

 Columbia and Oregon, and in Atlantic States south to Pennsylvania. Variable in foliage ; 

 no constant difference from the European, which is cultivated, in a form with most flowers 

 neutral, as Snowball and Guelder Rose. (Eu., N. Asia.) 



V. paucifiorum, Pylaie. Glabrous or with pubescence, 2 to 5 feet high, straggling: 

 leaves of roundish or broadly oval outline, unequally dentate, many of them either obso- 

 letely or distinctly 3-lobed (the lobes not longer than broad), about 5-nerved at base, loosely 

 veiny : cymes small, terminating short and merely 2-leaved lateral branches, involucrate 

 with slender subulate caducous bracts, destitute of neutral radiant flowers : stamens very 

 short : fruit nearly of preceding. — Pylaie, Herb. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 17; Herder, PI. 

 Radd. iii. t. 1, f. 3. V. acerifolium, Bong. Veg. Sitka, 144. — Cold moist woods, Newfound- 

 land and Labrador, mountains of New England to Saskatchewan, west to Alaska and 

 Washington Terr., southward in the Rocky Mountains to Colorado. 



§ 3. Cyme never radiant : drupes blue, or dark-purple or black at maturity. 



# Leaves palmately 3-5-ribbed or nerved from the base, slender-petiolate: stipules subulate-seta- 

 ceous: pubescence simple, no scurf: primary rays of pedunculate cyme 5 to 7: filaments equal- 

 ling the corolla. 



-I— Pacific species : drupe oblong-oval, nearly half-inch long, bluish-black. 

 V. ellipticum, Hook. Stems 2 to 5 feet high : winter-buds scaly : leaves from orbicular- 

 oval to elliptical-oblong, rounded at both ends, dentate above the middle, not lobed at 

 length rather coriaceous, 3-5-nerved from the base, the nerves ascending or parallel : corol- 

 las 4 or 5 lines in diameter : stone of fruit deeply and broadly suleate on both faces ; the 

 furrow of one face divided by a median ridge. — Hook. Fl. i. 280 ; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 278. 

 — Woods of W. Washington Terr, and Oregon (first coll. by Douglas), to Mendocino and 

 to Placer Co., California, Kellogg, Mrs. Ames. 



•t— •)— Atlantic species: drupe globular, quarter-inch long, bluish-purple or black when ripe: 

 cyme mostly with a caducous involucre of 5 or 6 small and subulate or linear thin bracts. 



V. acerifolium, L. (Arrow-wood, Dockmackie.) Soft-pubescent, or glabrate with 

 age, 3 to 6 feet high, with slender branches : winter-buds imperfectly scaly : leaves mem- 

 branaceous, rounded-ovate, 3-ribbed from the rounded or subcordate base, and with 3 short 

 and acute or acuminate divergent lobes (or some uppermost undivided), usually dentate to 

 near the base (larger 4 or 5 inches long) : cymes rather small and open : corolla 2 or 3 lines 

 in diameter : stone of drupe lenticular, hardly suleate on either side. — Spec. i. 268 • Vent 

 Hort. Cels. t. 72; Michx. Fl. i. 180; Wats. Dendr. Brit. ii. t. 118 (poor) ; Hook. Fl. i. 280 

 (partly) ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 17 ; Emerson, Trees of Mass. ii. t. 19. — Rocky and cool woods, 

 New Brunswick to Michigan, Indiana, and N. Carolina. 



V. densiflorum, Ciiapm. Lower, 2 to 4 feet high : leaves smaller (inch or two long), 

 with mostly shorter lobes or sometimes none : cyme denser : involucrate bracts more con- 

 spicuous and less caducous : stone of the drupe undulately somewhat 2-sulcate on one face 

 and 3-sulcate on the other.— Fl. ed. 2, Suppl. 624. — Wooded hills, W. Florida, Chapman. 

 Also, Taylor Co., Georgia, Neisler, a glabrate form. Too near V. acerifolium. 



