12 CAPRIFOLIACE.E. Viburnum. 



Var. angustifolium, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Leaves linear-oblong or oblong-lanceo- 

 late. — V. nitidum, Ait. Kew. i. 371, ex. char. — N. Carolina to Louisiana. 



Var. grandifolium. Larger leaves 8 inches long, 4 wide. — E. Florida, Mrs. Treat. 



Var. serotinum, Ravenel, in Chapm. Fl. Suppl. 624. A strict or more simple- 

 stemmed form, with foliage of the type, and smaller blossoms, produced in November ! — 

 On the Altamaha River, near Darien, Georgia, Ravenel. 



H— -1— Compound cymes sessile, of 3 to 5 cymiferous rays, subtended by the upper leaves, 



++ Many-flowered : trees or arborescent, 10 to 30 feet high : winter-buds minutely rusty-scurfy or 

 downy, ovoid and acuminate: leaves ovate or oval, lucid, closely and acutely serrate, abruptly 

 rather long-petioled : drupes comparatively large, oval, 5 to 7 lines long, when ripe sweetish 

 and black or bluish from the bloom, with very flat stone. — Black Haw, Sheep-bekry, 

 Sweet Viburnum. 



V. LentagO, L. Often arboreous : leaves ovate, acuminate (larger 3 or 4 inches long), 

 thickly beset with very sharp serratures : petioles mostly undulate-margined : larger winter- 

 buds long-pointed, grayish. — Spec. i. 268; Michx. 1. c; Wats. Dendr. Brit. t. 21 ; Hook. 

 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 15. — Woods and banks of streams, Canada to Saskatchewan, 

 Missouri, and mountains of Georgia; fl. spring. 



V. prunifolium, L. Seldom arboreous : leaves from roundish to ovate or oval with little 

 or no acumination and finer serratures (larger ones 2 or 3 inches long) : petioles naked, or 

 on strong shoots narrowly margined, these and the less pointed winter-buds often rufous- 

 pubescent. — Spec. i. 268 (Mespilus prunifolia, &c, Pluk. Aim. t. 4, f. 2); Michx. 1. c. ; 

 Duham. Arb. ii. t. 38 (Wats. Dendr. Brit. t. 23?) ; Torr. & Gray, 1. u. V. pyrifolium, Poir. 

 Diet. viii. 653 ; Wats. Dendr. Brit. t. 22. — Dry or moist ground, New York (and Upper 

 Canada ?) to Michigan, Illinois, and south to Florida, Texas, and Kansas : flowering early. 



++ ++ Cymes (3-4-rayed) and the lucid coriaceous commonly entire leaves small. 



V. obovatum, Walt. Shrub 2 to 8 feet high : leaves from obovate to cuneate-spatulate 

 or oblanceolate, obtuse or retuse, with some obsolete teeth or none (half-inch to thrice that 

 length), narrowed at base into very short petiole: flowering cymes little surpassing the 

 leaves : drupes oval, 5 lines long, black ; stone thiekish-lenticular, the faces obscurely sul- 

 cate. — Walt. Car. 116; Pursh, Fl. i. 201; Ell. Sk. i. 366; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t 1476; DC. 

 Prodr. iv. 326. V. cassinoides (Mill. Ic. t. 83?); Willd. Spec. i. 1491 ; Michx. Fl. i. 179, 

 not L. V. laevigatum, Ait. Kew. i. 371 ; Pursh, 1. c. ; DC. 1. c. — Wooded banks of streams 

 and swamps, Virginia to Florida in the low country. 



4. TRlGSTEUM, L. Feveewokt, Horse-Gentian. (Name shortened 

 by LinnEeus from Triosteospermum, Dill., meaning three bony seeds or stones 

 to the fruit.) — Coarse perennial herbs (of Atlantic N. America, one Japanese 

 and one Himalayan) ; with simple stems, ample entire or sinuate leaves more 

 or less connate at base, and pinnately veiny ; the dull-colored sessile flowers in 

 their axils, either single or 2 to 4 in a cluster, produced in early summer, fol- 

 lowed by orange-colored and reddish drupes. In our species the foliaceous 

 linear calyx-lobes are as long as the corolla (about half-inch), and longer than 

 the fruit. — Lam. 111. t. 150; Gasrtn. Fruct. t. 26. Triosteospermum, Dill. Elth. 

 394, t. 293. 



T. perfoliatum, L. Minutely soft-pubescent, or stem sometimes hirsute, stout, 2 to 4 feet 

 high : leaves ovate to oblong, acuminate, narrowed below either to merelv connate or more 

 broadened and connate-perfoliate base : corolla dull brownish-purple : nutlets of the drupe 

 3-ribbed on the back. — Spec. i. 176 ; Schk. Handb. t. 41 ; Bigel. Med. Bot. i. 90, t. 19 • Bart. 

 Veg. Mat. Med. t. 4 ; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, t. 45 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 12. T.'majus, 

 Michx. Fl. i. 107. — Alluvial or rich soil, Canada and New England to Illinois and Alabama. 

 — Also called Tinker's-weed, Wild Coffee, &c. 



T. angustifolium, L. I. c. Smaller : stem hirsute or hispid : leaves oblong-lanceolate or 



narrower, tapering above the more or less connate bases : corolla yellowish. Torr. & Gray 



1. c. T. minus, Michx. 1. c. Periclymenum herbaceum, &c, Pluk. Aim. t. 104, f. 2. Shady 



grounds, Virginia to Alabama, Missouri, and Illinois. 



