Dipsacus. DIPSACACE^E. 47 



# * Fruit strongly carinate-angled dorsally : cotyledons accumbent (transverse) to the ventral face, 

 -t- Wings conspicuous, more or less introrse, in the last species small. 



V. congesta, Lindl. Commonly rather stout : flowers in a capituliform or oblong simple 

 or interrupted thyrsus, or sparingly verticillastrate below : corolla rose or flesh-colored, 3 or 

 4 lines long or in some individuals smaller, with obviously bilabiate limb, and spur half or 

 less the length of the very gibbous throat : fruit broadly winged, and with prominent but 

 rather obtuse keel, from glabrous to puberulent or sometimes thickly short-villous either on 

 fertile cell or ou wings also. — Bot. Keg. t. 1094 ; Gray, 1. c. Plectritis congesta, DC. Prodr. 

 iv. 631 ; Hook. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. ; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 287. P. brachystemon, Eisch. & 

 Meyer, Ind. Sem. Petrop. 1835, Suppl. 47 (22), a form with smaller flowers (the state with 

 included stamens and style) and villous-pubescent fruit, according to specimen from St. 

 Petersb. garden ; but the char, of flowers, four times smaller than in P. congesta and white, 

 would be that of J~. maerocera. — Low and moist ground, Brit. Columbia to W. California. 



V. anomala, Gray. Either slender or rather stout, freely branching : corolla only a line 



. long, white or flesh-colored, wholly destitute of spur, at most a small mammseform gibbosity 

 near the base of the short and broadly funnelform throat ; limb small, obscurely bilabiate 

 (usually 4-lobed and posterior lobe emarginate or 2-cleft) : fruit comparatively large (mostly 

 a line and a half long), acutely angled with sharp edge on the back, with broad wings usually 

 inflexed at base and expanding above, but some fruits wingless. — Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 83. 

 — Wet grounds on and near the Columbia River; Multnomah Co., Oregon, Howell, and 

 Klickitat Co., Washington Terr., Suksdorf. 



V. aphanoptera, Gray, 1. c. Slender, with aspect and inflorescence of the next : corolla 

 only a line long, white, with obviously bilabiate limb and short basal spur : fruit puberulent 

 or glabrate, trigonous ; dorsal angle salient but rather obtuse ; lateral angles with distinct but 

 narrow incurved wings. — Springy ground on hillsides, along the Columbia River, Washing- 

 ton Terr., Suksdorf. Columbia Plains, Nuttatt, under unpublished name of Plectritis capi- 

 tata, appears to be the same ; specimen insufficient. 



•1- •)— Wings wholly wanting to the triquetrous fruit, the lateral angles of which resemble the 

 dorsal. — Betckea, DC. 



V. samolif olia, Gray, 1. c. A span to a foot high : verticillastrate clusters 2 to 4, small : 

 bracts slender-subulate (not pinnately parted as Hceck states, but uppermost sometimes pal- 

 mately 3-parted) : corolla a line or so in length, obscurely bilabiate, with short conical-saccate 

 spur : akene-like fruit of the shape of buckwheat, glabrous or a little pubescent, in Chilian 

 plants hardly, in ours rather over, a line long. — Betckea samolifolia, DC. 1. c. 642. B. major, 

 Fisch. & Meyer, 1. c. (5) 30. Plectritis samolifolia & P. major, Hceck in Engler, Jahrb. iii. 37. 

 — Low grounds on the Columbia River, Washington Terr., Oregon (Suksdorf), and coast of 

 California, coll. by the Russian botanists. (Chili, smaller form.) 



Order LXXII. DIPSACACEiE. 



Herbs (all of the Old World) ; with opposite or verticillate leaves, no stipules, 

 capitate and involucrate inflorescence ; the flowers subtended by bracts, and each 

 with a more or less obvious involucel, hermaphrodite ; calyx-tube adnate to the 

 one-celled simple ovary ; corolla epigynous ; stamens inserted on its tube alter- 

 nate with its lobes, of equal number or fewer, wholly unconnected ; style fili- 

 form and stigma simple ; ovule solitary and suspended, anatropous ; seed with 

 a straight embryo in fleshy albumen. Corolla irregular or nearly regular ; the 

 lobes imbricated in the bud. Fruit an akene, more or less adnate to the involucel 

 which embraces it. 



Scabi6sa ATROPURptfHEA, L., Swebt Scabious of the gardens, is familiar; and one 



or two of the following genus have become spontaneous. 



1 . DlPSACUS, Tourn. Teasel. (Greek and Latin name of Teasel, said 

 to come from Sti/'as, thirsty.) — Flowers in a terminal head or short spike, in which, 



