70 COMPOSITE. 



toothed. Involucre oblong-campanulate, of lanceolate thin-herbaceous bracts, deciduous at 

 maturity : bracts of the nearly flat receptacle similar but thinner, only between the disk and 

 ray, distinct. Akenes all clavate, with attenuate base, symmetrical, 10-costate, the ribs or 

 the'alternate ones tuberculate-scabrous at maturity ; those of the ray slightly obcompressed, 

 rounded at apex and with slightly protuberant areola, not rarely an abortive pappus in the 

 form of a minute denticulate crown ; those of the disk chiefly fertile, the truncate apex 

 bearing a large pappus of 10 elongated-oblong obtuse silvery-scarious palese, the 5 inner as 

 long as the corolla and akene, the alternate outer ones shorter. 



126. LAGOPHYLLA. Heads several-flowered: ray-flowers about 5, with 3-parted or 

 deeply 3-cleft ligules : disk-flowers sterile, with 5-lobed corollas. Bracts of the involucre 

 thin-herbaceous, deciduous with the enclosed akene: bracts of the small receptacle 5 to 12 

 between the ray and disk. Akenes of the disk slender, abortive, destitute of pappus or 

 with some caducous bristles ; of the ray obcompressed, oblong-obovate, smooth and glabrous, 

 nearly straight, the areola not protuberant, rarely a saucer-shaped cup in place of pappus. 



127. LAYIA. Heads many-flowered, broad: ray-flowers 8 to 20, with 3-lobed or toothed 

 ligules : disk-flowers fertile, or the central sometimes infertile ; their corollas cylindraceous- 

 funnelform and 5-lobed. Bracts of the involucre flattened on the back below, -with abruptly 

 dilated thin margins infolded so as to enclose the ray-akene. Receptacle broad and flat, 

 bearing a series of thin chaffy bracts between the ray- and disk-flowers, sometimes additional 

 more scarious ones among the flowers. Akenes of the ray obcompressed, obovate-oblong or 

 narrower, almost always smooth and glabrous, destitute of pappus (or rarely a crown or 

 vestige), the terminal areola somewhat protuberant and disciform ; those of the disk similar 

 or more linear-cuneate, mostly pubescent, bearing a pappus of 5 to 20 bristles, awns, or 

 paleas, or rarely none. 



Tribe VI. HELENIOIDEiE. Heads heterogamous and the ligulate ray-flowers mostly 

 fertile, or homogamous ; the disk-flowers hermaphrodite and fertile, rarely some infer- 

 tile, with regular 4-5-toothed tubular corolla. Receptacle naked, i. e. destitute of 

 bracts (palece), but rarely fimbrillate. Bracts of the involucre herbaceous or membra- 

 naceous, not scarious. Style-branches of hermaphrodite flowers with either truncate 

 or appendiculate tips. Pappus paleaceous or aristiform, or sometimes plurisetose, but 

 the bristles when capillary always more or less rigid.' — A peculiarly American tribe, 

 differing from the preceding in the total absence of receptacular bracts ; some genera 

 with setose pappus making transition to the Senecionidece ; others, with short pappus 

 or none, to the Anthemidece. 



Subtribe I. Jaumie^i. Involucre of broad bracts imbricated in two or more series. 

 Ligules not persistent. Akenes 5-angled or terete and several-nerved. Many-flow- 

 ered heads in ours radiate, and the ray-flowers fertile. No oil-glands. 

 # Receptacle setose-fimbrillate, convex : pappus plurisetose. 



128. CLAPPIA. Involucre hemispherical, of rather few oval and very obtuse somewhat 

 striate coriaceous bracts, imbricated in 2 or 3 series. Bays 12 to 15, linear, 3-denticulate 

 at apex. Disk-corollas with slender tube and campanulate 5-cleft limb. Style-branches 

 conical-tipped. Akenes equalled by the very slender fimbrillte of the receptacle, oblong- 

 turbinate, terete, 8-J0-nerved, hirtellous -on the nerves. Pappus of 20 to 25 rigid and 

 somewhat paleolate hispidulous-scabrous distinct bristles, broader toward the base, longer 

 than the akene. Pruticulose, with alternate fleshy leaves. 



# # Receptacle naked : pappus in ours none. 



129. JAUMEA. Involucre campanulate, its bracts fleshy or membranaceous, the outer 

 shorter. Corollas glabrous. Receptacle in ours conical. Style-branches papillose or hairy, 

 truncate or short-conical at tip. Akenes 10-nerved : pappus in exotic species of narrow and 

 pointed or awned strongly 1 -nerved paleas, in ours none. 



1 30. VENEGASIA. Involucre very broad, of 2 or 3 series of roundish membranaceous 

 erect bracts, some innermost narrower and scarious, and a series of outer and loose narrower 

 herbaceous ones. Receptacle flat. Rays numerous, elongated, entire or 3-toothed at the 

 narrow apex : tube of corollas glandular-bearded, especially at base. Style-branches very 

 obtuse. Akenes many-nerved, destitute of pappus. 



