Eupahmrivim. COMPOSITE. 95 



coriaceous, hardly striate, prominently appendaged by deltoid spreading foliaceous tips: 

 flowers probably purplish. — " California," Coulter, no. 294. But the same as 253 of Upper 

 Sonora in the Mexican collection, doubtless the real habitat. Yet may reach into Arizona. 

 (Adj. Mex., Coulter, Gregg, Palmer.) 

 E. ivsefolium, L. Herbaceous or merely suffrutescent, somewhat hirsute or pubescent, 

 strictly erect, 2 to 5 feet high : leaves lanceolate or the upper ones linear, hardly petioled, 

 3-nerved, sparsely and often coarsely serrate at the middle, mostly obtuse, roughish, an inch 

 or two long: heads small (3 or 4 lines long), 10-20-flowered, in small and loose cymes: 

 bracts of the cylindraceous involucre oblong, striate, with the very short somewhat truncate 

 tips purple or greenish and slightly squarrose-spreading : flowers light purplish-blue or 

 reddish. — Amcen. Acad. v. 405, & Spec. ed. 2, 1174; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 81 ; Griseb. Fl. 

 W. Ind. 359 ; Baker in Fl. Bras. 1. c. 290. {E. obscurum, DC, & E. continuum, Hook. & Arn., 

 ex Baker.) E. calocephalum, Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. ser. vii. 286. Liatris 

 oppositifolia, Nutt. in Am. Jour. Sci. v. 299. — Old fields, &c., Lower Mississippi, Louisiana, 

 and Texas ; the var. Ludovicianum, Torr. & Gray, 1. c, a form with less serrate leaves and 

 less squarrose involucre, the tips of the upper scales mostly petaloid and purple. (W. Ind. 

 & Mex. to S. Brazil.) 



# # Involucral bracts wholly inappendiculate and appressed. 



E. heteroclinium, Griseb. Herbaceous, with somewhat ligneous base, 2 or 3 feet high, 

 rather strong-scented, pubescent : branches ascending : leaves rather short-petioled, ovate- 

 lanceolate with cuneate or truncate base to deltoid, obtusely serrate, 3-nerved, about an inch 

 long : heads scattered, 5 or 6 lines long, 20-25-flowered, short-peduncled : involucre cylin- 

 draceous, glabrous, smooth and somewhat shining, pale; the bracts very obtuse, about 

 7-striate, more than usually deciduous : receptacle of the purple or bluish flowers convex. — 

 Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 358. Conoclinium rigidum, Chapm. in Bot. Gazette, iii. 6, not DC. — Keys 

 of S. Florida, Blodgett, Chapman, Curtiss. (Jamaica.) 



E. COnyzoid.es, Vahl. Shrubby, with herbaceous divergent flowering branches, 4 to 10 

 feet high, from villous-pubescent to glabrate : leaves slender-petioled, ovate-lanceolate, vary- 

 ing to ovate, acuminate, mostly cuneate at base, sparsely and acutely serrate or sometimes 

 entire, 3-nerved or triplinerved (larger 3 to 5 and smaller 1 or 2 inches long) : heads numer- 

 ous in the corymbiform open cymes, a third to half -inch long, 12-30-flowered: involucre 

 cylindraceous or cylindrical, glabrous ; the bracts 3-5-striate, rounded and somewhat green- 

 ish at the tip : receptacle of the pale blue or white flowers flat. — Symb. iii. 96 ; Scbrank, 

 Hort. Monac. t. 85 ; Baker, 1. c. E. odoratum, L., in part. — Along the Rio Grande on the 

 Mexican border of Texas, Berlandier, Schott, Bigelow, &c. Mouths of the Mississippi, 

 Trecul. E. Sabeanum, Buckley in Proc. Acad. Philad. 1861, 456. The form with stouter 

 heads and firmer greenish-tipped involucral bracts, common in Mexico, &c. (E. floribundum, 

 HBK., E. divergens, Less., E. Maximiliani, Schrader, E. conyzoides folio molli et incano, etc., 

 Pluk. t. 177, fig. 3), not the W. Indian form with more slender and pallid fewer-flowered 

 involucre, and innermost bracts often acute, which approaches E. odoratum. (Trop. 

 Amer.) 



§ 2. Etjpatoeium proper. Involucre various ; the bracts from thin-membra- 

 naceous or scarious to herbaceous, nerveless or few-nerved, mostly lax, either 

 imbricated or equal and nearly uniseriate : receptacle flat, not hairy. 



# Involucre cylindrical and imbricate in the manner of § 1, but thin-membranaceous and some- 

 what scarious when dry, faintly 3-striate: heads very numerous, corymbiform-cymose, mosily 

 5-10-flowered : leaves verticillate: stem herbaceous: herbage nearly destitute of resinous glob- 

 ules. — § Verticillata, DC. 



E. purptireum, L. (Joe-Ptb Weed, Trumpet Weed.) From pubescent to nearly 

 glabrous : stems simple, 3 to 9 feet high, usually lineolate-punctate, often fistular : leaves com- 

 monly 3-6-nate, from oval-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, coarsely serrate, reticulate- 

 veiny, the base narrowed into a short petiole : cymes polycephalous, compound-corymbose and 

 numerous : involucre (3 or 4 lines long) whitish and flesh-colored : flowers dull flesh-color or 

 purple, rarely almost white. — Spec. ii. 838 (Corn. Canad. t. 72; Herm. Parad. t. 158; 

 Moris. Hist. vii. t. 18) ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 81. E. trifohatum, L. 1. c, pi. Gronov. Virg. 

 E. maculatum, L. Amoen. iv. 288, & Spec. ed. 2, 1174; Bart. Fl. Am. Sept. t. 102. E. verti- 



