112 COMPOSITE. Liatris. 



= = Leaves all very slender: heads 4 or 5 lines long. 



L. tenuif 61ia, Nutt. Glabrous or with a few bristles below : stem strict and slender, 2 to 



4 feet high : leaves rigid, attenuate-linear and when dry with revolute margins ; radical and 



lower cauline very numerous and crowded, » foot or less long, a line or two wide ; upper 



cauline short, becoming acerose or filiform and reduced to setaceous bracts : heads about 



5-flowered and 4 lines long, very numerous in a strict virgate raceme (of a foot or two in 



length), which occasionally develops into a panicle: involucre of about 10 oblong bracts, 



not punctate, the inner more or less scarious and purplish : pappus strongly barbellate. — 



Gen. ii. 131 ; Ell k Sk. ii. 275 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. L. laevigata, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. 



285, a large form with coarser radical leaves. — Dry pine barrens, N. Carolina to Florida. 



++ ++ Involucral bracts or most of them acuminate or mucronate-tipped, 



= Hirsute with short many-jointed hairs. 



L. Garberi, Gray. A foot or two high, hirsute with many-jointed spreading hairs, or the 

 linear and rigid strongly punctate leaves glabrate : upper leaves very short, linear-subulate, 

 erect : heads 6-7-flowered, 5 or 6 lines long, crowded in a dense spike: involucre campanu- 

 late; its bracts (about 10) greenish and very glandular-punctate, villous-hirsute, in age 

 glabrate ; outer ones ovate, inner oblong, all obtuse and conspicuously mucronate-pointed : 

 pappus minutely barbellate. — Proc. Am. Acad. xv. 48. — Tampa, Florida, Garber. 



= = Involucre glabrous or nearly so, narrow, indistinctly glandular-punctate, 3-5-flowered 

 (bracts variable) : pappus more distinctly barbellate toward the base. 



L. Ch.apman.ii, Torr. & Gray. Tomentulose-puberulent, glabrate : stem a foot or two 

 high, strict and rigid : leaves short, linear, or the lower oblong-linear and obtuse ( 1 to 3 

 inches long) and the upper small and narrow : heads numerous, mostly 3-flowered, erect in 

 a strict and dense virgate spike : involucre cylindrical ; its bracts thinnish, lanceolate or the 

 short outer ones oblong, mostly acute and mucronate or short-acuminate, sometimes point- 

 less : flowers large for the size of the head, two thirds of an inch long : pappus half-inch long. 

 — Fl. ii. 502 ; Chapm. Fl. 191. — Dry sandy ridges, Middle Florida, first coll. by Chapman. 



L. pauoiflora, Pursh. Glabrous or minutely puberulent : stem slender, often weak and 

 declining : leaves rigid, linear, mostly narrow : heads numerous in a virgate often secnnd 

 spiciform raceme (of 6 to 24 inches in length), when secund on short spreading or recurving 

 pedicels : involucre eylinciraceous ; its bracts thinnish, oblong, or the short outermost oval 

 and the inner lanceolate, mostly mucronate-acute or acuminate : flowers 5 or 6 and pappus 

 4 or 5 lines long. — Fl. ii. 510; Chapm. 1. c. L. secunda, Ell. Sk. ii. 278 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 

 ii. 71. — Sandy pine woods, S. Carolina to Florida. 



1 6. G-ARBfiRIA, Gray. (The late Dr. A. P. Garber, the re-discoverer.) — 

 Proc. Acad. Philad. Nov. 1879, 379, & Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 79. Liatris 

 § Leptoclinium, Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. ser. vii. 285 ; Torr. & Gray, 

 Fl. ii. 76. Leptoclinium, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xv. 48, not Benth. & Hook. 



G. fruticosa, Gray, 1. c. Shrub 4 to 6 feet high, branching, leafy : branchlets and involu- 

 cre puberulent : leaves with base of a short petiole articulated with the stem, vertical by a 

 twist, glabrous, pale and of the same hue both sides, nearly veinless, obovate, retuse (barely 

 inch long) : heads (half-inch long) numerous in fastigiate naked terminal cymes : involucre 

 much shorter than the pappus. — Liatris fruticosa, Nutt. in Am. Jour. Sci. v. 299. Lepto- 

 clinium fruticosurn, Gray, 1. c. — S. Florida, Ware, Garber. Found by the latter on dry sand- 

 ridges of the western coast, at Tampa Bay. Lower leaves opposite according to Nuttall. 



17. CARPHEPHORUS, Cass. (Kap</>os, chaff, and Qopos, bearing.) — 

 Perennials, with no bulbiform stock or tuber ; the rose-purple or white flowers in 

 cymosely disposed heads; all N. American, late-flowering. — Bull. Philom. 1816, 

 & Diet. vii. 148; DC. Prodr. v. 132 (one species) ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 65. 



§ 1. Pappus of copious and unequal minutely barbellate bristles, occupying 

 more than one series : flowers purple : stem simple, leafy : even the lowest leaves 

 alternate, cauline ones sessile : Atlantic-States species, herbs. 



