Grindelia. COMPOSITE. 117 



summer. — Gesel. Nat. Fr. Berl. Mag. 1807, 259 ; Dunal, Mem. Mus. Par. v. 48 ; 

 DC. Prodr. v. 314 ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 250. Demetria, Lag. Donia, R. Br. 

 Aurelia, Cass. 



G. cokonopifolia, Lehm., of Mexico, is Xanthocephalum centauroides, Willd., the original of 

 that genus. 



G. angustifOlia, DC. in Dunal, founded on a drawing only, is not identified ; probably of 

 some other genus. 



G. costAta, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 208, is a northern Mexican species, allied to 

 G. squarrosa and G. subdecurrens, with lunate-gibbous 10-ribbed akenes. It may reach the U. S. 

 borders. 



# Stem or branches (at least above) and sometimes the leaves pubescent: rays very numerous: 

 awns of the pappus 2 or 3, sometimes solitary: plants a foot to a yard high. 



■(— Atlantic and Mexican species: root in U. S. annual or biennial, perhaps more enduring in 

 Mexico: akenes with no terminal border or teeth. 



Gr. inuloides, Willd. 1. v. Pubescence minute or short : leaves from oblong to lanceolate 

 or almost ovate, serrate down to the partly clasping or broad base with close-set and often 

 gland-tipped salient teeth : involucre glabrous (half-inch or more in diameter), at length 

 squarrose: akenes short and turgid (the length barely double the breadth), with rounded- 

 truncate summit and small areola, smooth or becoming corky-rugose transversely. — Dunal, 

 1. c. 50, t. 5 ; Bot. Reg. t. 248 ; DC. Prodr. v. 315 ; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3737 ; Torr. & Gray, 

 1. c, excl. var. /3. G. pubescens, Xutt. Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 74. Inula serrata, Pers. Syn. 

 ii. 451. Demetria spathulata, Lag. Elench. Madr. 1814, 20. — Plains of Arkansas and Texas; 

 common. (Mex.) 



Var. microcephala, Gray. Smaller, more branching : heads only half as large : 

 akenes more commonly rugose-thickened but sometimes smooth : involucral bracts usually 

 shorter and closer : the extreme forms seeming very distinct from the type, but connected 

 by intermediate states. — Bot. Mex. Bound. 81. G. microcephala, DC. Prodr. v. 315. — 

 S. Texas, first coll. by Berlandier. (Mex.) 



•j— -*— Pacific species: root perennial but sometimes flowering the first year: akenes truncate and 

 with a. prominulous irregularly undulate or obscurely 3-5-toothed border around the terminal 

 areola: pappus-awns stouter and more corneous, Cattish: involucre in the same species either 

 naked or surrounded by spreading foliaceous bracts passing into leaves. 



G. hirsutula, Hook. & Am. A foot or two high, simple or sparingly branched, villous- 

 hirsute, or glabrate, sometimes even tomentose when young: leaves rather rigid and com- 

 monly serrate with rigid salient teeth, in the typical plant oblong, or lower ones spatulate 

 and obtuse (cauline inch or two long and about hall-inch wide), upper with partly clasping 

 but not widened base, varying however to lanceolate and acute : heads solitary or few : in- 

 volucre half-inch in diameter ; its proper bracts with or without subulate-attenuate squarrose 

 tips, and with or without the surrounding loose foliaceous bracts, which may surpass the 

 disk. — Bot. Beech. 147, 351; DC. Prodr. vii. 278; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. ; Gray, Bot. Calif. 

 i. 103. G.rubricuulis, DC. Prodr. v. 316. — Hills and open grounds, California from Mon- 

 terey northward, where it seems to pass into or is not well discriminated from the following ; 

 first coll. by Douglas. 



G. integrifolia, DC. A foot to a yard high, the taller plants corymbosely branching at 

 summit and bearing several or numerous heads : pubescence soft-villous, sometimes sparse 

 or vanishing : leaves of soft texture, commonly entire, occasionally serrate ; cauline lanceo- 

 late, 3 or 4 inches long, mostly tapering from a broad base to an acute or acuminate apex ; 

 radical spatulate and obtuse : bracts of the involucre with mostly elongated setaceous-subulate 

 points to the bracts. — Prodr. v. 315 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. G. stricta, DC. Prodr. vii. 278. 

 G. virgata, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 314, slender form. Donia inuloides, var., Hook. 

 PL ii. 25. — Moist or shady ground, Oregon to British Columbia, chiefly toward the coast. 

 Varies greatly in open ground having leaves of firmer texture, the lower sometimes coarsely 

 serrate, even the upper barely acute : on the shores of British Columbia occurs a low form, 

 glabrate and thickish-leaved, which perhaps too nearly approaches G. cuneifolia. 



* # Whole herbage glabrous: stems equably leafy, afoot or two high: root mostly short-lived 

 perennial, but sometimes annual in the same species: leaves firm or rigid. 



