198 COMPOSITE. Aster. 



A. SCOpul6rum, Gray. Scabro-puberulent and somewhat cinereous : stems tufted, rigid, 

 only a span high, terminated by a solitary pedunculate head : leaves short (3 to 6 lines long), 

 rigid, from oblong to linear or the lowest spatulate, the broader obtuse with an abrupt 

 mucro, callous-margined : involucre broadly campanulate ; its bracts imbricated in about 



3 series, scabro-puberulent, lanceolate, acuminate : rays half-inch long, light violet : outer 

 pappus sometimes distinctly squamellate. — Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 98. Chrysopsis alpina, 

 Nutt. Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 34, t. 3, fig. 2. Diplopappus alpinus, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. 

 Soc. vii. 304 ; Torr. & Gray, PI. 1. c. — Rocky Mountains, Montana and Wyoming, to W. 

 Nevada and the border of California ; first coll. by Wyeth. 



A. stenomeres, Gray. More slender, 6 to 10 inches high, green, minutely scabrous : soli- 

 tary naked pedunculate head larger : leaves all linear (half to full inch long, a line wide), 

 acutely mucronate, hardly margined : involucre broad ; its bracts barely in two moderately 

 unequal series, linear, acute or acuminate, thinnish, often pubescent : rays pale violet, over 

 half-inch long: outer pappus setulose. — Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 209. — Rocky Mountains of 

 Montana and Idaho, Burke, Watson. 



# # Head smaller (a third to a quarter inch high) and narrow: the disk-flowers sometimes hardly 

 more numerous than those (12 to 15) of the ray: style-appendages ovate and obtuse: akenes 

 less compressed, lightly few-nerved: outer pappus of few or indistinct unequal short bristles. 



A. ericsef olius, Rothrock. About a span high, strigosely canescent or hispidulous and 

 glandular-scabrous, much branched : branches erect or diffuse, terminated by somewhat 

 pedunculate heads : leaves commonly hispid-ciliate, erect or little spreading, 3 to 6 lines 

 long ; lowest spatulate and tapering into a petiole ; upper from linear to nearly filiform, 

 piliferous-mucronate : bracts of the involucre in about 3 series, lanceolate, acute or apiculate, 

 thinnish, scarious-margined : rays purple or violet, sometimes white. — Rothrock in Bot. 

 Gazette, ii. 70, & Wheeler Rep. vi. 152. Inula ? ericoides, Torr. in Ann. Lye. N. Y. ii. 212. 

 Eucephalns ericoides, Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil.. Soc. 1. c. 299. Diplopappus ericoides, Torr. & 

 Gray, Fl. ii. 182; Gray, PI. Pendl. 69, var. hirtella, a hispid form. — Dry hills, Kansas and 

 Texas to Utah, Arizona, and border of California; first coll. by James. (Adj. Mex.) 



Var. tenuis, Gray. Much less or not at all hispid : branches filiform and diffuse : 

 all the upper leaves minute. — New Mexico, Wright, &c. (Adjacent Mex. to San Luis.) 



§ 10. Orthomeris. Pappus simple: bracts of the involucre imbricated and 

 appressed, destitute of foliaceous or herbaceous tips, often scarious-edged or more 

 or less dry : rays fertile. — Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 98. § Orthomeris with 

 part of § Oxytripolium, Torr. & Gray, PL ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. 1. c. 



# Involucre well imbricated, of small and narrow bracts, greener than in others of this section 

 (much as in Aster proper) : low and slender herbs (a foot or less high), leafy--stemmed, branch- 

 ing above; with mostly linear erect and entire leaves, and several small white-rayed heads: 

 akenes somewhat 4-5-angled or nerved. 



A. ptarmicoid.es, Torr. & Gray. Rather rigid, 6 to 20 inches high in a tuft from short 

 and thickish rootstocks, from smooth or minutely scabrous to hirtellous-puberulent, bearing 

 "a corymbiform cyme of several or numerous heads : leaves of firm texture, linear or the lower 

 spatulate-lanceolate, lucid both sides, the broader ones nervose : bracts of the campanulate 

 or somewhat turbinate involucre oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, thickish, rather rigid : rays 2 to 



4 lines long, bright white, broadish : style-appendages acutely lanceolate-subulate : pappus 

 white, of rather rigid bristles, longer ones manifestly clavellate at tip : akenes very glabrous, 

 hardly at all compressed. — PI. ii. 160. Chrysopsis alba, Nutt. Gen. ii. 152. Dcellingeria 

 ptarmicoides, Nees, Ast. 183. Diplopappus albus, Hook. PI. ii. 21. Heleastrum album, DC. 

 Prodr. f. 264, excl. syn. Willd. Aster albus, Eaton & J. Wright, Man. Bot. 146, not Willd. 

 herb. & Spreng. Syst. (which is A. Amellus). Eucephalus albus, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 

 vii. 299. — Rocky banks and bluffs, W. New England (S. Hadley, Mass.), to Illinois, the Sas- 

 katchewan, and the mountains of Colorado ; first coll. by Nuttall. Depauperate plants some- 

 times only 2 or 3 inches high, and monocephalous. 



Var. Georgiarms, Gray. Taller and slender, over 2 feet high : lowest leaves 5 or 6 



inches long, sometimes with 2 or 3 coarse denticulations : heads and rays rather small.. 



Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 98 ; Chapm. Fl. Suppl. 627. — Upper Georgia, near Rome, Chapman. 

 Nearly the same from open woods of N. W. Arkansas, F. L. Harvey. 



