200 COMPOSITE. Aster. 



Var. ledophyllus, Gray. Stem lower (not over 2 feet high), rather strict : leaves 

 smaller (inch or two long), eottony-tomentulose beneath, at least when young ; lower obtuse and 

 merely mueronate, uppermost with slender cuspidate point usually developed. — Proc. Am. 

 Acad. viii. 388. A. ledophyllus, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 98, without char. — Mount 

 Hood at 4,000 feet and upward, Hall, Howell, Mount Paddo (Adams), Suksdorf. Seemingly 

 distinct, hut passes into the type and into the following variety. 



Var. glauoescens. Stem mostly slender, 1 to 3 feet high, in the larger plants 

 more branched above and bearing rather numerous corymbosely disposed heads : leaves 

 somewhat glaucous, wholly glabrous (except the minute ciliolation of the species), lanceo- 

 late, 2 or 3 inches long, 3 to 7, lines wide, uppermost usually attenuate-cuspidate: heads 

 smaller or less broad : involucre of fewer and closer bracts. — "Washington Terr. : on Mount 

 Paddo, and Sincoe Mountains, Suksdorf, Howell. N. California, mountains of Siskiyou 

 Co., Greene, Pringle, distributed as A. elegans, which it approaches. 

 A. elegans, Tokk. & Gray. Slender, 1 to 3 feet high, mostly scabro-puberulent : leaves 

 thickish, pale, lanceolate (inch or two long), erect, the upper apiculate-mucronate, the veins 

 inconspicuous : heads several at summit of simple stem or branches, comparatively small 

 and few-flowered (4 or 5 lines high) : involucral bracts all close and conspicuously woolly- 

 ciliate, barely acute, outer ovate, none with pointed tips : rays rather few, about 4 lines long : 

 style-appendages linear-subulate, hardly acute. — PI. ii. 159 ; Eaton, 1. c. (a somewhat ambig- 

 uous form). Eucephalus elegans, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 298. — Mountains of 

 Wyoming and Montana to N. Nevada and E. Oregon ; first coll. by Nuttall. 



H— -t— Style-appendages obtuse and short-oblong, shorter than the stigmatic portion: involucral 

 bracts firmer; all the outer obtuse, not ciliate nor scarious-margined : akenes narrower, merely 

 pubescent. 



A. glaucus, Tore. & Gray. Throughout smooth and glabrous, glaucescent or pale : stems 

 a foot high from extensively creeping filiform rootstocks, branching, hearing several or 

 numerous paniculate heads : leaves thickish, lanceolate (1 to 3 inches long, a quarter to half 

 inch broad), rather obtuse, when dry reticulate-venulose both sides: involucre 3 lines high, 

 imbricated in about 3 ranks: rays bright violet, 4 to 6 lines long. — El. ii. 150; Eaton, 1. c. 

 Eucephalus (Lagatea) glaucus, Nutt. he. — Rocky Mountains, "Wyoming to Colorado and 

 Utah. 



# * # # Involucre less imbricated, hemispherical; the bracts in few ranks and in the typical 

 species somewhat equal, partly greenish, with or without scarious margins : pappus-bristles not 

 clavellate-thickened at tip : low-stemmed or acaulescent, from a thick and sometimes ligneous 

 caudex or rootstock, with solitary or few pedunculate heads, and rather large and numerous 

 rays : leaves thickish, narrow, one-nerved or nervose, entire. — Xylorrhiza, Nutt. Traus. Am. 

 Phil. Soc. vii. 298. § Orthomeris, Xylorrhiza, Torr. & Gray, 1. o. : also Benth. & Hook. Gen,, 

 ii. 273, excl. syn. Rhinaclina (which has a double pappus) & Arctogeron (which has the char- 

 acters of Erigeron with somewhat too imbricated involucre). Western montane species. 



-j— Genuine species, with comparatively large (half-inch high or more) and showy heads, and 

 thickish leaves : pappus-bristles rather rigid. 



++ Heads terminating short leafy stems which arise from creeping and ligneous rootstocks : invo- 

 lucral bracts acuminate and mucronate-tipped : style-appendages triangular- or lanceolate-subu- 

 late, not attenuate, shorter than the stigmatic portion : akenes oblong, very villous. — Xylorrhiza, 

 Nutt. 



A. Parryi, Gray. Tomentose-pubescent and cinereous, a span high : leaves mostly spatulate 

 and obtuse with a mueronate point, an inch or more long : heads usually solitary on peduncle 

 surpassing the leaves, very broad : bracts of the involucre oblong-lanceolate, densely cine- 

 reous-pubescent : rays white, over half-inch long. — Am. Nat. viii. 212. — Rocky Mountains 

 in Wyoming, on marshy flats of Sandy Creek, Green River, &c, Parry, A. J. McCosh. 



A. Xylorrhiza, Torr. & Gray. Less pubescent .and glabrate, 4 to 8 inches high : leaves 

 from narrowly spatulate-lanceolate to linear (1 or 2 inches long, 1 to 3 lines wide) ; the upper 

 commonly equalling the 1 to 3 peduncles : heads smaller : involucral bracts more attenuate : 

 rays "pale red" or "pale rose-color," 4 lines long. — Xylorrhiza villosa & X glabriuscula, 

 Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. ser. vii. 297, 298. Aster Xylorrhiza & A. glabriusculus, Torr. 

 & Gray, 1. c. 158; the latter a more leafy-stemmed form. — Clayey soil and on rocks, Rocky 

 Mountains of Wyoming, toward the sources of the Platte ; first coll. by Nuttall. Laramie 

 Plains, Parry. 



