Aster. COMPOSITE. 205 



striate : receptacle alveolate, the alveoli toothed or lacerate : style-appendages 

 from linear-lanceolate to filiform-subulate : pappus copious and simple, of rather 

 rigid unequal bristles : leafy-stemmed and branching biennials (sometimes more 

 enduring, but no rootstocks, stolons or buds below the crown), or occasionally 

 annuals (W. N. American and Mexican) : the showy heads terminating the 

 branches : involucre either canescent or somewhat viscid or glandular : leaves 

 from sparingly, dentate to bipinnately parted, the teeth or lobes apt to be bristle- 

 tipped. — Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 647, & Bot. Calif, i. 322. Machteranthera, 

 Nees, Ast. 224 ; Gray, PI. Wright, i. 90. Dieleria, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 

 vii. 300 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 99. 



* Anomalous, seemingly perennial and multicipital, but otherwise of this section. 

 A. Coloradoensis, Gray. A span or less high, forming a tuft of short few-leaved stems 

 on a strong tap root, canescently pubescent, not at all glandular : leaves spatulate or ob- 

 lanceolate (about an inch long), coarsely dentate, the teeth tipped with conspicuous bristles : 

 heads solitary, broadly hemispherical, half-inch high : involucral bracts small and numerous, 

 well imbricated, subulate-lanceolate, rather close : rays 35 to 40, violetpurple, barely half- 

 inch long : akenes turbinate, short, densely canescent-villous, half the length of the compara- 

 tively rigid pappus. — Proc. Am. Acad. xi. 76; Rothrock in Wheeler Rep. vi. 149, t. 7. — 

 Common in South Park, Colorado, Porter, Canby, Greene, &c. Also San Juan Pass, at 

 12,000 feet, Brandegee. 



# # Genuine species, with annual or biennial but never truly perennial root. 

 ■f— Involucre densely hispidulous as well as viscid, very squarrose : akenes glabrous or glabrate : 

 pappus slender: heads large and broad (the disk two-thirds to full inch in diameter) : herbage 

 green, not canescent, glabrate : leaves from incisely dentate to entire, their teeth or tips ob- 

 scurely if at all mucronate-setigerous : rays bright violet, showy : root biennial or somewhat 

 more enduring. 



A. Pattersoni, Gray. A span or two high, branched from the summit of the tap root : 

 stems or branches with soft or cottony-tomentulose pubescence, or glabrate : leaves thickish, 

 spatulate or Ungulate, entire or coarsely few-toothed, none widened at base : heads solitary 

 or few : involucral bracts lanceolate : rays about 30, fully half-inch long. — Proc. Am. Acad, 

 xiii. '272, excl. var. Machceranthera canescens, var. alpina, Porter & Coulter, Fl. Colorad. 

 59. — Moist ground along streams, Gray's Peak, Colorado; first coll. by Parry, then by Pat- 

 terson, &c. 



A. Bigelovii, Gkay. A foot or two high, robust : stem leafy, branching above, roughish- 

 hirsute to glabrate; the flowering branches or peduncles glandular-hirsute, terminated by 

 showy large heads : leaves oblong or lanceolate, irregularly and sometimes incisely dentate, 

 sometimes entire ; radical lanceolate-spatulate ; cauline oblong to lanceolate, usually with 

 broadish partly clasping base : involucral bracts very numerous, linear-attenuate or the pro- 

 longed and much recurved tips almost filiform : rays very many, an inch or less long. — 

 Pacif. R. Rep. iv. 97, t. 10. A. Townshendii, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 6430 (wrong as to the 

 broadly obovate style-appendages figured and described) ; Robinson, Garden, xvii. t. 228. — 

 Southern Colorado and New Mexico, Bigelow, Brandegee, Rusby, &c. Very handsome in 

 cultivation. 



+- ■+— Involucre from nearly glabrous to glandular-puberulent or canescent, not rarely viscid, but 

 not hirsute or hispidulous: heads less ample: akenes densely pubescent. 



++ Leaves at most incisely dentate, rather rigid: root disposed to be biennial or somewhat more 

 enduring. — Dieteria, Nutt. 



A. gymnoc6phalus, Gray. Stem erect, simple or branched from a rather slender root, 

 commonly hirsute or hispidulous, equably leafy to the top : branches bearing solitary usually 

 naked-pedunculate middle-sized heads : leaves spatulate-oblong to lanceolate ; cauline short 

 (inch or less long), usually obtuse, copiously serrate or denticulate with spinulose-setigerous 

 teeth : involucre depressed-hemispherical, half-inch or less high ; its bracts linear-subulate 

 with the tips squarrose : rays purple, 4 or 5 lines long : receptacle fimbrillate. — Proc. Am. 

 Acad. xv. 32; Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 6549. Aplopappus gymnocephalus, DC. Prodr. v. 346, & 

 A. bkpTiariphyllus, Gray, PI. "Wright, i. 97 ; the ray-flowers having been thought to he yellow. 



