Bacchant. COMPOSITE. 221 



linear, mostly entire, narrowed downward; lowest broader, incisely toothed or laciniate- 

 involucre cinereous-pubescent : ligules very small, shorter than the style and the at length 

 ferruginous pappus. — Spec. iii. 1955 ; Benth. Fl. Austr. iii. 495. E. ambiguus, Schultz Bip 

 in Phyt. Cauar. ii. 208. E. Bonariensis, DC. Prodr. v. 289, in part. Conyza ambigua, DC. 

 Fl. Franc. & Prodr. 1. c. C. sinuata, Ell. Sk. ii. 323. — Waste grounds, coast of S. Carolina 

 to Florida. (Intr. from tropics.) 



■*-■*- Indigenous weeds ; but the common species now cosmopolitan: heads only 2 lines high: 

 involucre almost glabrous: leaves commonly more or less hispid-ciliate. 



E. Canadensis, L. From sparsely hispid to almost glabrous : stem strict, 1 to 4 feet high, 

 with numerous narrowly paniculate heads, or in depauperate plants only a few inches high 

 and with few scattered heads : leaves linear, entire, or the lowest spatulate and incised or 

 few-toothed : rays white, usually a little exserted and surpassing the style-branches. — Spec. 

 ii. 863 ; Fl. Dan. t. 292 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 167. E. paniculatus, Lam. Fl. Franc. E. pu- 

 sillus, Nutt. Gen. ii. 148, a depauperate form. E. strictum, DC. Prodr. v. 289, a strict and 

 setose-hispid form. Senecio ciliatus, "Walt. Car. 208. — Open or waste grounds, throughout 

 temperate N. America, especially the warmer parts. (Nat. in Eu., &c.) 



E. diyaricatus, Michx. Low (a span to a foot high), diffusely much branched, somewhat 

 fastigiate : leaves all narrowly linear or subulate, entire : rays purplish, rarely surpassing 

 the style-branches or the pappus. — Fl. ii. 123; Nutt. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c — Open 

 grounds and river banks, Indiana to Minnesota, Nebraska, and Texas. 



50. CONYZA (Tourn., L. in part), Less. (Name used by Dioscorides and 

 Pliny for some kind of Fleabane, supposed to come from kwvwi//, a flea.) — Her- 

 baceous or some shrubby, of various habit ; what were the original species belong 

 to Inula, &c, those now referred to it are of warm regions, and approach the 

 Ganotus section of Erigeron. — Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 283. 



C. Coulteri, Gray. Apparently annual, a foot or two high, commonly branched, bearing 

 numerous small heads in a mostly crowded thyreoid leafy panicle, viscidly pubescent or 

 partly hirsute with many-jointed hairs : cauline leaves linear-oblong, the lower spatulate- 

 oblong and with partly clasping base, from dentate to laciniate-pinnatifid (an inch or two 

 long) : involucre 1 or 2 lines high, hirsute with rather soft spreading hairs, considerably 

 shorter than the soft pappus : flowers whitish ; the numerous female with an entire corolla- 

 tube barely half the length of the style; hermaphrodite flowers only 5 to 7. — Proc. Am. 

 Acad. vii. 355, & Bot. Calif, i. 332. C. subdecurrens, Gray, PI. Fendl. 78, & PI. Wright. 

 i. 102, not of DC. Erigeron discoideus, Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. v. 55. E. subdecurrens, 

 Gray, Bot. Mex. Bound. 78. — River-bottoms, &c, W. Texas and Colorado to Arizona and 

 California. Much resembling C. subdecurrens, DC, which, from the more developed corolla 

 of the ray, is referred to Erigeron, but has also a different pubescence. (Adj. Mex.) 



Var. tenuisecta. Greener, extremely leafy: leaves pinnately or even somewhat 

 bipinnately parted into linear lobes : heads smaller and very numerous in an ample panicle. 

 — S. Arizona, near Fort Huachuca, Lemmon. Apparently growing with the ordinary form. 



51. BACCHARIS, L. (Named after Bacchus, unmeaningly.) — Shrubs, 

 undershrubs, or some perennial herbs ; with alternate simple leaves, sometimes 

 reduced to scales, and the branches commonly striate or sulcate-angled, bearing 

 small heads of white or whitish or yellowish flowers. A huge American genus, 

 chiefly tropical and S. American. — Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 286; Gray, Proc. 

 Am. Acad. xvii. 212. 



§ 1. Pappus of the fertile flowers very copious and pluriserial, elongated in 

 fruiting, soft: akenes 5-10-costate: stems herbaceous from a lignescent or more 

 woody base : leaves linear, 1 -nerved : receptacle flat and broad, naked. Here 

 also B. juncea, of S. Brazil (Arrkenachne, Cass., Stephananthus, Lehm.), and 

 B. Seemanni, of Mexico. — Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 211. 



