244 COMPOSITE. Lmdheimera. 



73. LINDHElMERA, Gray & Engelm. {Ferdinand IAndheimer, the 

 discoverer of this neat plant, now prized in cultivation, and remarkable for its 

 golden yellow rays simulating a 5-petalous flower.) — Proc. Am. Acad. i. 47, 

 Jour. Bost. Nat. Hist. vi. 225, & PL Lindh. ii. 225. Single species. 



L. Texana, Gkat & Engelm. 1. c. At length 2 feet high from an annual root, hirsute or 

 hispid, branching above, bearing loosely cymose-paniculate usually slender-pedunculate 

 heads : lower leaves spatulate to cuneate-ovate, alternate, coarsely sinuate-dentate ; upper 

 ovate to ovate-lanceolate, ■with a broad closely sessile base, acuminate, commonly entire, 

 mainly opposite, their edges and also the peduncles usually beset with some small tack- 

 shaped glands: ligules half-inch or more long. — Open woods and bottoms of the upper 

 Guadalupe Eiver, &c, Texas, Lindheimer, Wright. 



74. ENG-ELMANNIA, Torr. & Gray. ( George Engelmann, an eminent 

 botanist, died while this volume was printings Feb. 4, 1884, ast. 75.) — Torr. & 

 Gray in Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 343, & Fl. ii. 283. Angelandra, Endl. 

 Gen. Suppl. iii. 69. — Single species, in structure nearer to Parthenium than to 

 Silphium. Fl. summer. 



B. pinnatifida, Toee. & Gray, 1. c. A foot or two high from a stout perennial root, 

 roughish-hirsute or hispid, branching above, and bearing somewhat paniculately disposed 

 heads of golden-yellow flowers on mostly slender naked peduncles : leaves all alternate, 

 deeply pinnatifld ; radical and lower cauline short-petioled and their linear or oblong lobes 

 sometimes sparingly lobulate ; upper cauline sessile and with broad base : head about 4 lines 

 high: rays half-inch or more long: akene rough-hispidulous. — Torr. in Marcy Rep. t. 11 ; 

 Meehan, Nat. Flowers, ser. 2, i. t. 2. E. Texana, Scheele in Linn. xxii. 155. — Prairies and 

 rocky hills, Arkansas and Louisiana to Texas and Arizona. (Adj. Mex.) 



75. PARTHENIUM, L. (Ancient name of some plant, from irapOhos, 

 virgin.) — Herbaceous or suffruticose (all E. American), bitter-aromatic ; with 

 small heads of whitish flowers ; in summer.- — Gasrtn. Fruct. t. 168 ; DC. Prodr. 

 v. 531 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 284 ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 351. 



§ 1. Paethenia'strum (Nissole), DC. Ligule more or less evident: caules- 

 cent, usually branching, with alternate leaves either dentate or variously lobed or 

 divided : heads corymbosely or paniculately cymose. 



# Herbaceous, with membranaceous once or twice pinnatifld leaves, and habit of Ambrosia. 

 P. Hysterophorus, L. A foot or two high, from an annual root, diffuse, strigosely pubes- 

 cent, sometimes also hirsute, generally green : heads in a loose and open naked panicle : 

 cauline leaves of broadly ovate outline, pinnately parted into 5 to 9 mostly narrow again 

 pinnatifld lobes; of the flowering branches linear or lanceolate and entire or few-lobed: pap- 

 pus of 2 rather large and roundish scales. — Spec. ii. 988; Bot. Mag. t. 2275. Argyrochozta 

 bipinnatifida, Cav. Ie. iv. 54, t. 378. Villanova bipinnatifida, Ort. Dec. iv. 48, t. 6. (P. lo- 

 batum, Buckley in Proc. Acad. Philad. 1861, 457, should be this, by its "annual root," rather 

 than the following.) — Waste grounds, Florida to Texas, where it may be indigenous, but 

 probably introduced from within the tropics : also an imported ballast-weed as far north as 

 Philadelphia. (Mex., Trop. Am.) 

 P. lyratum. A foot high from a truly perennial root, canescent or cinereous with fine 

 and close sometimes also loose hirsute pubescence, erect : heads corymbosely crowded, more 

 pubescent : leaves of obovate or oblong outline, lyrately pinnatifld, the lobes short and ob- 

 long.— P. Hysterophorus, var. lyratum, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 216. — Texas, in the 

 southern and western parts, Berlandier, Lindheimer, Wright, Eeverchon, &c. Equally allied 

 to the preceding species and to the Mexican P. confertum, Gray. (Adj. Mex".) 



* * Fruticose or suffrutescent, with firmer and more simply lobed leaves. 

 P. inoanum, HBK. Decidedly shrubby, 1 to 3 feet high, much branched, canescent with 

 fine tomentum : leaves mostly obovate in outline, sinuately pinnatifld into 3 to 7 oblong or 



