262 COMPOSITE. Rudbeckia. 



Gard. ser. 2, t. 87, but has not the character of his genus, which was founded on R. triloba. 

 — Dry plains, Arkansas and "W. Louisiana. 



# * Disk from globular to cylindrical, greenish, fuscous, or yellowish; its chaffy bracts navicular 

 or more conduplicate, truncate or obtuse, little surpassing the mature akenes, sometimes decid- 

 uous from the receptacle at full maturity: style-branches with short and truncate-capitate 

 or obtuse tips : akenes comparatively large and somewhat compressed, inserted by a more or 

 less oblique or lateral areola, the more lateral when the receptacle is elongated: root in all 

 perennial. 

 -H- Rays several or numerous, an inch or two long, drooping, pure yellow: bracts of receptacle 



pubescent at summit. 

 ++ Leaves entire or barely dentate: disk when well developed at length columnar, an inch or two 

 long, three-fourths inch thick ; the receptacle bodkin-shaped : akenes about 3 lines long : pap- 

 pus a conspicuous irregularly toothed or denticulate cup: herbage completely glabrous and 

 smooth, or sometimes slightly scabrous in age : stems simple or nearly so, and the long-pe- 

 duncled heads solitary or few : involucre comparatively small. — § Macrocline, Torr. & Gray, 

 Fl. ii. 312. 

 R. nitida, Nutt. Stem Zjp. 4 feet high: leaves bright green, commonly lucid, thin- 

 coriaceous, nervose-ribbed, mostly acute, denticulate or entire; radical and lower cauline 

 ovate-spatulate to lanceplate-oblong, tapering into long margined petioles, upper cauline 

 sessile, oblong to lanceolate, 3 to 6 inches long. — Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 78 ; Torr. & Gray, 

 Fl. ii. 313. R. laevigata f Nutt. Gen. 178, not Pursh. — Wet ground, lower part of Georgia 

 to Florida and Texas ; first coll. by Nuttall. 



Var. longifolia. Leaves elongated-lanceolate or broader, attenuate to both ends, 

 sparingly dentate or repand-denticulate, more nervose-veiny, in age sometimes minutely 

 scabrous; radical and lowest cauline 8 or 10 inches long, an inch or more broad in the 

 middle. — R. glabra, DC. Prodr. v. 556. — Near Savannah, Georgia, according to herb. DC. 

 Tuskegee, Alabama, Beaumont. Manatee, Florida, Garber. 

 R. maxima, Nutt. Stem 4_to J feet high, and whole plant smooth and glaucous : leaves 

 from broadly ovate to oblong, mostly obtuse, repand-denticulate or entire, with numerous 

 pinnate veins, the larger a foot or less long ; upper cauline subcordate-clasping. — Trans. Am. 

 Phil. Soc. vii. 354; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Moist pine woods and plains, Arkansas, Louisiana, 

 Texas ; first coll. by Nuttall. 



++ -H- Leaves more or less dentate, sometimes 2-lobed at base: pappus a conspicuous crown 

 deeply cleft into four irregular chaffy lobes : Pacific species ! 



R. Californica, Gray. Pubescent, slightly scabrous : stem simple, 2 to 4 feet high, bear- 

 ing a solitary long-peduncled head : leaves from ovate to oblong-lanceolate, the upper sessile 

 by a narrow base : rays from half-inch to 2j inches long, surpassing the loose linear bracts 

 of the involucre : disk from short-oblong to cylindraceous (becoming sometimes 2 inches 

 long); its bracts canescent at summit: akenes flattish. — Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 357, & Bot. 

 Calif, i. 347. — California; moist ground in the Sierra Nevada; first coll. by Bridges. 



++++++ All_or_most of the cauline leaves 37-7-cIeft or_divided: pappus a short 4-toothed or 

 nearly entire crown : disk from globular or even hemispherical to oblong-cylindraceous in age, 

 dull yellowish ; the tip of the chaffy bracts canescent. 



R laciniata, L. Glabrous and smooth, sometimes minutely hispidulous-scabrous, at least 

 on the margins and upper face of the leaves : stem 2 to 7 feet high, branching above : leaves 

 veiny, broad, incisely and sparsely serrate ; radical commonly pinnately 5-7-foliolate or nearly 

 so, and divisions often laciniately 2-3-cleft ; lower cauline 3-5-parted, upperJJ-cleft, and those 

 of the branches few-toothed or entire : involucre loose and irregular, foliaceous : rays 

 soon drooping, few or several, oblanceolate. — Spec. ii. 906 (Cornuti, Canad. t. 179, &c.) ; 

 Michx. Fl. ii. 144; Bart. PI. Am. Sept. i. t. 16 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. R. laciniata, quinata, & 

 digitata, Mill. Diet. ed. 6. R. laciniata & digitata, Ait. Kew. iii. 251 ; DC. 1. c. — Moist ground, 

 commonly in thickets, Canada to Florida, and westwardly from Montana to New Mexico 

 and Arizona. A variable species, of which an extreme form is 



Var. hlimilis. A foot or two high, simple or branching, commonly slender, glabrous : 

 radical leaves diverse, some of them undivided or with roundish divisions : heads smaller ; 

 the rays seldom inch long and globular disk barely half -inch high. — Probably R. lawigata, 

 Pursh, 1. c. — Alleghany Mountains from Virginia to Georgia and Tennessee, common in 

 open woods, &c, at 4,000 to 6,000 feet. 



