278 COMPOSITE. Helimthus. 



++++++ Imperfectly known Pacific species, probably perennial, with foliaeeous involucre. 

 H. Douglasii, Toer. & Gray. Stems branching, ascending, hispidtdous : leaves alternate; 

 upper rhomboid-oblong to spatula te-lanceolate, tapering into winged petioles, obtuse, entire, 

 inch or two long : head half-inch high : bracts of the involucre almost all foliaeeous, hispidu- 

 lous; outer narrowly oblong, mostly obtuse, reflexed or spreading, longer than the disk, 

 innermost shorter, erect, acute or somewhat acuminate : rays barely half-inch long : ehaff of 

 receptacle entire. — Fl. ii. 332. — California, Douglas (mentioned in Bot. Beech. 253); near 

 Santa Clara, Sinclair, in Bot. Sulph. as " H. Californicus." 

 -l_ -i— -i— -i— Leaves all or most of them opposite, at least the cauline, or in H. tttberoms, &c, 



the upper alternate, all triplinerved or 3-nerved : Atlantic species. 

 ++ Heads remarkably small, only 4 or 5 lines high and rather narrow, loosely paniculate : rays 



only 5 to 8, seldom inch long: stem and spreading branches slender: leaves scabrous above, 



puberulent or canescent-tomentulose beneath. 

 H. parviflorus, Bernh. Stem smooth and glabrous, 3 to 6 feet high : leaves thin, nearly 

 membranaceous, ovate-lanceolate or narrower, cuneately or almost truncately contracted at 

 base into a half-inch or inch long partly margined petiole, gradually attenuate-acuminate, 

 serrulate, sometimes more serrate (4 to 7 inches long, the larger inch or two wide near the 

 base), pale and when young tomentulose or puberulent beneath; bracts of the campanulate 

 involucre subulate-lanceolate, shorter than the comparatively few-flowered disk, the tips 

 loose or squarrose: rays 5 or 6, commonly half -inch but sometimes nearly inch long. — 

 Spreng. Syst. iii. 617 (1826, & probably somewhat earlier), not of HBK. Nov. Gen. & Spec, 

 1820 (H. micranthus, Spreng.), which perhaps is not of the genus. H. divaricatus, Michx. 

 Fl. ii. 141 ; Ell. Sk. ii. 428, not L. H. strumosus, var. pallidus, Ell. 1. c, ex Torr. & Gray. 

 H. tracheliifolius, Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 98. H. microcephalus, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 229. 



— Moist woods and along streams, Pennsylvania to Illinois, Upper Georgia, Arkansas, and 

 Louisiana. 



Var. attenuatus. Leaves narrowly lanceolate, 5 inches long, at most half-inch wide, 

 very scabrous above, therefore connecting with the following. — Dry woods, near 'f allulah 

 Falls, Georgia, J. Donnell Smith. 

 H. Scliweinitzii, Torr. & Gray. Stem hispidulous or minutely strigose-pubescent, 2 to 

 5 feet high : leaves of thicker texture, shagreen-scabrous above, canescently tomentulose 

 beneath, lanceolate (the larger 4 to 7 inches long, inch or less wide) and with more tapering 

 less petioled base, serrulate or nearly entire : involucre hirsute : rays 6 to 8, half-inch long. 



— Fl. ii. 330; Chapm. Fl. 231. — Dry ground, "W. North Carolina to Middle Georgia. 



++ ++ Heads small, half-inch or less high, few or scattered, sleuder-peduncled : rays 6 to 10: 

 whole plant glabrous and smooth ! except perhaps the edges of the leaves and involucral bracts: 

 involucre campanulate, of thickish smooth bracts; the outer lanceolate with gradually attenuate- 

 subulate spreading tips; inner ovate-lanceolate or broader, somewhat acuminate, erect: akenes 

 a little hairy at the summit: usually but not always one or two conspicuous acute squamellae 

 or short palese on each side between the lanceolate or ovate principal paleas of the pappus, some- 

 times united with their base (like stipules), caducous with them. 



H. longif 61iUS, Ptjrsh. Stem 3 to 7 feet high, simple : leaves elongated linear-lanceolate 

 (3 to 8 inches long, quarter to half inch wide), thickish, mostly entire, sessile, lowest cauline 

 and radical tapering into slender margined petioles : rays about 10, narrow, half-inch long : 

 chaff of the receptacle glabrous, commonly 3-toothed, narrow : proper palese of the pappus 

 2 or 3, the squamellae thin and small. — Fl. ii. 571 ; Ell. Sk. ii. 417 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 431. 

 Leighia longifolia, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 365. — W. Georgia, in wet soil, Lyon, &c. 

 Little known ; no sufficient specimens seen. 



H. lBBVigatus, Torr. & Gray. No creeping rootstocks and no fleshy-thickened roots: stem 

 2 to 5 feet high, glaucous : leaves lanceolate, very acute, subsessile, thickish, pale beneath, 

 sparsely serrulate or the upper entire : rays 6 to S, broad, usually inch long, bright yellow : 

 chaff of the receptacle entire, more or less pubescent on the back: sqnamellaB or inter- 

 mediate palese of the pappus rather large and firm, half or a quarter the length of the lan- 

 ceolate or ovate proper paleffi, sometimes wanting. — Fl. ii. 330; Gray, Man. 256. — Alle- 

 ghany Mountains in Virginia and N. Carolina. Occurs in two forms ; one slender, simple, 

 2 or 3 feet Mgh, with narrow leaves 3 to 5 inches long, half-inch or less broad (this possibly 

 may be H. longifolius) : the other larger, 4 to 6 feet high, branching, with .ampler leaves, 

 the larger cauline ovate- or oblong-lanceolate and 2 or 3 inches wide, and rays over an inch 



