282 COMPOSITE. Encelia. 



E. Californica, Ntjtt. Woody only at base, 2 to 4 feet high, strong-scented, minutely 

 pubescent and sometimes cinereous when young, at least the foliage glabrate and green : 

 leaves from ovate to oblong-lanceolate, rarely denticulate or toothed, about 2 inches long : 

 heads commonly solitary and large , the disk nearly inch broad, brownish or purplish : invo- 

 lucre white-villous : rays 16 to 20, an inch or more long, golden yellow: akenes obovate, 

 with very shallow notch and no pappus ; the margins very long-villous. — Trans. Am. Phil. 

 Soc. vii. 357; Torr. & Gray, PI. ii. 317; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 351. — Dry ground, California 

 near the coast, from Santa Barbara to San Diego, thence east to the borders of Arizona, 

 where is a smaller-flowered form, E. conspersa, Gray, Bot. Mex. Bound. 88, not Benth. 1 



E. farinosa, Geay. Shrubby, except the nearly leafless flowering branches or corymbosely 

 branched peduncles, 2 to 5 feet high . leaves (and the leafy branches) silvery-white with a 

 close furfuraceous tomentum, ovate or ovate-oblong, obtuse, contracted at base into aa-ather 

 long-petiole • heads somewhat paniculate, smaller ; the disk ODly half-inch broad, yellowish • 

 involucre short, barely pubescent rays 6 to 10, only half -inch long : akenes obovate, with a 

 deep notch and no pappus. — Emory Rep. 143, & Bot. Calif. 1. o. E. mvea, Gray. Bot. Mex. 

 Bound. 88, not Benth. — Dry hills, S. E. California and Arizona; first coll. by Coulter. 



E. frutescens, Geat. Shrubby below, 2 or 3 feet high, with widely spreading monoceph- 

 alous branches, hispidulous-scabrous and at least the branches cinereous: leaves ovate or 

 oblong, obtuse, half-inch or an inch long, abruptly petioled mostly from a rounded base : 

 heads rather long-peduucled, variable in size : rays either none, few, or numerous, but short 

 (quarter to half inch long) and 3-4-lobed: akenes very long-villous on the margins, with a 

 small narrow notch at summit pappus either none or of two delicate long-villous awns. — 

 Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 657, & Bot. Calif. 1. c. Simsia {Gercea) frutescens, Gray, Bot. Mex. 

 Bound. 89. — Gravelly hills and ravines, S. Utah, Arizona, and S. E. California; first coll. 

 by Fremont. 



* # Herbaceous perennial . leaves linear, entire. 



B. scaposa, Geat. Minutely scabrous-puberulent, a foot or more high : leaves all crowded 

 at and near the base of the slender scapiform and simple monocephalous stem, rather rigid, 

 entire, 2 or 3 inches long, a line or two wide : involucre loose : rays several, obovate or 

 cuneiform, half-inch or less long, 3-toothed : akenes (immature) very villous all over, as also 

 the pappus of two chaffy awns. — Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 7. Simsia ? ( Gercea) scaposa, Gray, 

 PI. Wright, ii. 88. — New Mexico, and stony hills between the Mimbres and the Bio Grande, 

 Wright. 



* # # Herbaceous from an annual or biennial root (at least the first species) : leaves apparently 

 all alternate, somewhat dentate: awns of the pappus large and conspicuous, thick at base, con- 

 tinuous from the rather strong and very villous margins of the cuneate akene. — Gercea, Torr. & 

 Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. v. 48. 



E. eriocephala, Gray. A foot or two high, hirsute with white hairs: stem simple or 

 branched from the annual root, leafy below, nearly leafless toward the somewhat paniculate 

 heads : leaves cuneate-obovate or ovate-oblong ; lower tapering into margined petioles, upper- 

 most reduced to sparse subulate bracts : heads about half-inch high : bracts of the involucre 

 linear-lanceolate, green, but the lower half and the margins very white with long villous 

 pubescence: rays 12 or more, cuneate-obovate or spatulate, half-inch or more long, golden* 

 yellow: akenes cuneate, slightly emarginate between the thick-based awns. — Proc. Am. 

 Acad. viii. 657 ; Bot. Calif. 1. c. Gercea canescens, Torr. & Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. v. 48. 

 Simsia ( Gercea) canescens, Gray, PI. Fendl. 85. — Low grounds and sand-hills, through the 

 arid region of W. Arizona and adjacent parts of Nevada and S. E. California ; first coll. by 

 Coulter, then by Fremont. 



Var. paniculata. A greener and less hairy form, paniculately branched ; the nu- 

 merous heads of only half the ordinary size. — S. Arizona, Primjle. 



E. viscida, Geay. A foot or two high, branching, leafy up to the usually short simple 

 peduncles, viscid-glandular and hirsutely villous : leaves thinnish ; cauline all ovate or oblong, 

 obtuse, closely sessile and clasping by an auriculate or cordate base ; lower ones and base of 

 stem not seen : heads nearly an inch high and broad : bracts of the viscid involucre oblong, 

 obtuse, at length much shorter than the yellow disk : rays none : akenes narrowly cuneate, 

 truncate between the awns. — Proc. Am. Acad. xi. 78, & Bot. Calif, i. 616. — Mountains of 

 Sau Diego Co., California, Palmer. Parish. 



