Galiwoga. COMPOSITE. 303 



involucre fewer and narrow : rays 8 or 10, euneate, half-inch long, 3-4-lobed at summit : 

 alveoli cuspidate-toothed at the angles : akenes stipitate, turbinate, the flat summit crowned 

 with the pappus of about 12 radiate and orbicular-obovate paleai. — Actinospermum, Ell. 1. c. 

 A. angustifolium, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Buphthalmum angustifolium, Pursh, Fl. ii. 564.'— Sand- 

 hills, Georgia and Florida ; first coll. by Bartram. 



119. MARSH ALLI A, Schreb. (Humphry Marshall, author of the earliest 



indigenous work on the sylva of N. America.) — Low and smooth nearly glabrous 



perennials (of S. Atlantic States) ; with fibrous roots, commonly simple stems, and 



solitary pedunculate (Armeria-like) heads of rose-purple or white glandular- 



puberulent flowers, with blue anthers, produced in spring or summer : peduncle 



puberulent : leaves alternate, entire, mostly 3-nerved, but not manifestly veiny. 



— Gen. ii. 810; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 390. Persoonia, Michx. Fl. ii. 104, not 



Smith. Trattenickia, Pers. Syn. 403, not Willd. Therolepta, Eaf. 



# Leaves thickish, mostly obtuse, all but the upper tapering below into a slender sessile base or 

 margined petiole ; radical spatulate. 



M. angustifolia, Pursh. Sometimes 2 feet high and branching above . cauline leaves 

 linear, or the uppermost linear-subulate ; radical spatulate : bracts of involucre narrow, 

 mostly acute, rigid, head only half-inch high : corollas pale purple : akenes minutely pubes- 

 cent or at maturity glabrous, longer than the pappus. — Fl. ii. 520; Ell. Sk. ii. 316 (& var. 

 cyananthera) ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Athanasia graminifolia, Walt. Car. 201. Persoonia angus- 

 tifolia, Michx. 1. c. Trattenickia angustifolia, Pers. 1. c. — Low pine barrens, N. Carolina 

 (and Tennessee ? ) to Florida and Louisiana. 



M. caespitosa, Nutt. Mare tufted, a foot high or less, either leafy only at base and with 

 scapiform peduncle, or sparsely leafy-stemmed and sparingly branching : leaves spatulate- 

 linear, or somewhat lanceolate and the upper linear : bracts of involucre narrow-linear, acute 

 or acutish : head two-thirds inch or more high : corollas pale- rose-color or. white : akenes 

 qbpyramidal, villous on the angles, shorter than the pappus. — Nutt. in DC. Prodr. v. 680 ; 

 Hook. Bot Mag. t. 3704; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Calcareous soil, Arkansas to Texas; fir* 

 coll. by Berlandier and Nuttall. 



M. lanceolata, Pdksh. A foot or less high, commonly leafy only at base and with scapi- 

 form simple peduncle : leaves lanceolate, oblanceolate, or spatulate, 3 to 6 lines wide : bracts 

 of involucre oblong-linear or lanceolate, obtuse : akenes elongated-turbinate, pubescent, 

 much longer than the pappus. — Fl. ii. 519 ; Ell. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Persoonia lan- 

 ceolata, Michx. 1. t. Trattenickia lanceolata, Pers. 1. c. — Open dry woods, N. Carolina to 

 Florida, preferring the upper districts. 



Var. platyph.$lla, M. A. Cdktis. Leafy-stemmed, sometimes 2 feet high, with 

 spatulate-oblong leaves 2 to 6 inches long, all obtuse. — Chapm. Fl. 241. — Moist or wet 

 ground, N. Carolina, &c., from the middle country westward. 



# # Leaves thinner, conspicuously 3-nerved ; cauline acuminate. 



M. latifolia, Pdksh, 1. c. A foot or so high, leafy to the middle or more: cauline leaves 

 oblong- or ovate-lanceolate, sessile by a merely narrowed base, gradually acuminate, 2 or 3 

 inches long : bracts of the involucre linear, acute or acutish, rigid. — Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 

 Athanasia trinervia, Walt. 1. c. Persoonia latifolia, Michx. 1. c, t. 43. Trattenickia latifolia, 

 Pers. 1. c. Marshallia Schreberi, Tratt. Arch. Gen. i. 108. — Moist soil, Virginia to Missis- 

 sippi, along the middle country. 



120. GALINS6GA, Ruiz & Pav. (M. Galinsoga, a Spanish physician 

 and botanist.)— Annuata of Tropical America, the common species now widely 

 disseminated. 



G. parviflora, Cav. A foot or two high, loosely branching, slender, somewhat pubescent : 

 leaves thin, ovate, acute, serrate, 3-nerved from near the base, petioled : heads 2 lines long, 

 slender-peduncled from the summit of the branches, somewhat paniculate : rays whitish, 

 barely exserted : disk-flowers yellow : pappus usually of 8 to 16 short palea;. — Ic. iii.41, t. 281 ; 

 DC Prodr. v. 677 ; Gray, Man. 264 ; Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ. t. 983. — Open or waste grounds, 



