Stmecio. COMPOSITiE. 383 



& Gray, Fl. ii. 449. A. plantaginea & A. fulgens, Pursh, FI. ii. 527. — Labrador and north to 

 the arctic coast, west to the Aleutian Islands, south to the Sierra Nevada, California, and to 

 Colorado in the Rocky Mountains; the southern forms comparatively large and broad- 

 leaved. (N. Eu., Greenland.) 



Var. Lessingii, Torr. & Gray, 1. c, perhaps from Kotzebue Sound, is a thinner- 

 leaved form, of lax habit ; the akenes only sometimes glabrous, and the anthers not " black- 

 ish."— A. a/pina, Less, in Linn. vi. 235 ; Herder, PI. Radd. ii. 110. (N. E. Asia.) 



= = Anthers black: leaves broad: head large, solitary. High Northwestern species. 



A. Unalaschensis„ Less. Robust, a span or two high, hirsute or villous : leaves oblong, 

 mostly acutish and obviously serrate or denticulate with subulate callous teeth : disk-corollas 

 glabrous or nearly so : akenes slightly hairy or glabrate. — Linn. vi. 235 ; Herder, 1. c. — 

 Unalaska, and other Aleutian Islands, Behring Island, &c. ; first coll. by Chamisso. 



A. obtusif olia, Less. 1. c. Taller or longer-pedunculate, pubescent or glabrate : leaves 

 oblong or spatulate, very obtuse, almost or quite entire, nervose : disk-corollas " glabrous " 

 or upper part of the tube hispidulous : akenes glabrous : resembles A. montana. — Unalaska, 

 Chamisso. Shumagin Islands, Harrington. 



192. SENECIO, Tourn. Groundsel. (Old Latin name of Groundsel, 

 from senex, old man, in allusion to the hoary pappus.) — One of the largest 

 known genera, very widely dispersed over the world, most of the species (all of 

 ours) herbs ; with alternate leaves, and yellow-flowered heads of middle or rarely 

 larger size : fl. spring and summer. Minute short hairs or papilla? on the akenes 

 of most species swell and emit a pair of spiral threads when wetted. Before 

 wetting the akenes may be really or apparently glabrous, and after wetting be- 

 come canescent. — Less. Syn. 391; DC. Prodr. vi. 340; Benth. & Hook. Gen. 

 ii. 446, partly. — Arrangement wholly artificial. 



S. Canadensis, L., Spec. ii. 869, and Cineraria Canadensis, L. Spec. ed. 2, ii. 1244 (to 

 which Nutt., Gen. ii. 165, gave the name of S. Kalmii), were said to be of "Canada, Kalm." 

 They are not so indicated in the Linnaean herbarium : both are probably South European 

 specimens. The first belongs to S. artemisicefolius, Pers. ; the second is a thinner-leaved form 

 of Cineraria maritima, L., the S. Cineraria, DC. — Cineraria Carolinensis, Walt. Car. 207, 

 is undeterminable. 



S. ciliatus, Walt. Car. 208, is probably only Erigeron Canadense, L. 



S. FLOcefFERUS, DC. Prodr. vi. 426, is Malacothrix obtusa, Benth. 



S. Cineraria, DC, the Dusty-Miller of house-cultivation, has been found wild on the 

 beach of San Francisco Bay, California, at Alameda. 



S. Jacoe^a, L., of Europe, has become a weed in some parts of Nova Scotia and Canada. 



S. Palmeri, Gray, a peculiar frutescent species of Guadalupe Island, off Lower California, is 

 quite beyond our limits. 



§ 1. Perennials (one or two sufiruticose) ; with pubescence, if any, of a tomen- 

 tose character, mostly floccose and when deciduous leaving the surface smooth and 

 naked, never viscid nor obviously hirsute. 



# Heads an inch or distinctly over half-inch high, very many-flowered. 

 -1— Disk-corollas deeply 5-toothed : heads of the largest. 



S. Rugelia, Gray. Lightly floccose-tomentose when young, soon glabrate : stems simple, a 

 foot high from a creeping rootstock, bearing 3 to 5 naked slender-pedunculate somewhat 

 racemosely disposed heads : leaves membranaceous ; radical and lowest cauline ovate, den- 

 ticulate, 2 to 5 inches long, long-petioled ; others small and few, bract-like, sessile : involucre 

 not calyculate, of about 12 linear-lanceolate thickish glabrous bracts : rays none : pappus 

 rather sordid. — Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 54. Rugelia nudicaulis, Shuttlew. in coll. Rugel; 

 Chapm. Fl. 246. — Woods, Smoky Mountains, N. Carolina and Tennessee, Rugel, Buckley. 

 Style-branches capitellate-truncate and pubescent at summit, and » few obscure minute 

 hairs on the back. 



