Stmaio. COMPOSITE. 387 



numerous corymbosely paniculate smaller heads: leaves (4 to 6 inches long) all lanceolate 

 and tapering to both ends, sessile by a narrow base (or the lowest oblong-spatulate and taper- 

 ing into a short petiole), usually with whole margin thickly serrate or serrulate with very 

 acute salient teeth : involucre oblong-campanulate, 20-30-flowered : rays 5 to 8, oblong-linear, 

 sometimes fully half-inch long. — Fl. i. 332 (Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 441, as to name only, the 

 char, taken from S. longidentatus, DC, wrongly referred, and syu. belonging to S. triangu- 

 laris) ; Gray, Proc. Acad. Philad. 1863, 68, under S. Andinus ? — Mountains, from Wyoming 

 to Idaho and S. Colorado ; first coll. by Douglas. The form with the very serrate leaves of 

 the original of Douglas, but with much fewer and larger heads, mountains of Colorado, 

 Fremont, Sail & Harbour, Parry, Rothrock (under S. Andinus), Passes into 



Var. integrilisculus. Heads smaller (usually only 3 or 4 lines high) and narrower, 

 fewer-flowered : leaves minutely serrate or denticulate, or the upper entire, sometimes all 

 entire or nearly so, generally shorter and smaller, or broader and not acuminate. — S. Andinux, 

 Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. ; Gray, Bot. Calif. 1. c. S. lanceolatus,' 

 Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 440, an entire-leaved form. — Common from Wyoming to E. Oregon, 

 and in the mountains of Nevada and the borders of California; perhaps first coll. by 

 Nuttall. 



++++++++ Stem not numerously but somewhat equably leafy up to the inflorescence : leaves 

 all entire or denticulate : involucre fleshy-thickened ! 



S. crassulus, Gray. A foot or less high, glabrous apparently from the first : stem rather 

 stout, 5-7-leaved, bearing 3 to 8 pedunculate rather large (fully half -inch high) and thick 

 heads : leaves oblong-lanceolate, of rather firm texture, apiculate-acute, 2 to 5 inches long ; 

 radical and lowest cauline spatulate or obovate-oblong, narrowed into a short winged petiole ; 

 upper sessile by partly clasping or decurrent base : involucre broadly campanulate, 40-50- 

 flowered, of 12 or more lanceolate to oblong fleshy-thickened but thin-edged bracts, the base 

 also much thickened, the whole becoming conical and multangular in fruit : rays about 8, 

 oblong. — Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 54. 5. integerrimus, Gray, Am. Jour. Sci. 1. c, & Proc. 

 Acad. Philad. 1863, 67, not Nutt. S. lugens, var. Hookeri, Eaton, Bot. King Exp. 188, in 

 part. — Subalpine, Bocky Mountains of Colorado (first coll. by Parry) to the Wahsatch in 

 Utah ( Watson), and in X. Wyoming, Parry. 



++++++++ -H- Stems either few-leaved or with the upper leaves (and sometimes most of the 

 cauline) reduced in size; the inflorescence therefore naked: none with narrow linear leaves 

 (except one scapose species). 



= Plant tall and simple-stemmed, with a coarsely fibrous cluster of roots, perhaps not perennial : 

 leaves fleshy-coriaceous, all entire or barely denticulate. 



S. hydrophilus, Nutt. Very glabrous and smooth, sometimes glaucous : stem robust, 

 2 to 4 feet high, strict: leaves lanceolate, with strong midrib and obsolete veins; radical 

 oblanceolate and stout-petioled, sometimes a foot long and nearly two inches wide ; upper 

 cauline sessile or partly clasping : heads numerous in a branching corymbiform cyme, 

 5 lines high, short-pedicelled : involucre narrowly campanulate, slightly bracteolate ; its 

 bracts 8 to 12: disk-flowers 15 to 30; rays 3 to 6 and smaD, sometimes none. — In water or 

 very wet ground, especially in brackish water, Montana to Brit. Columbia, south to Colo- 

 rado, and west to San Francisco Bay, California. 



= = Plants mostly in clumps or tufts, or from tufted or creeping rootstocks. 

 u. Stems commonly robust, from a foot or rarely less to 3 or even 5 feet high, bearing mostly 



numerous heads in a cyme : involucre sparingly calyculate : leaves from entire to dentate, only 



in the last species at all laciniate, none really cordate nor with permanent tomentum. Western 



species, none truly alpine. 

 1. Glaucous or glaucescent, apparently quite glabrous throughout from the very first: heads 



many-flowered. 



S. Cleveland!, Greene. Stems rather rigid and slender, a foot or two high from firm 

 creeping rootstocks : leaves subcoriaceous, entire, obtuse, with veins almost obsolete, spat- 

 ulate or rarely obovate; radical and lower cauline an inch or. two long, tapering into 

 much longer slender petioles ; upper cauline few and smaller, with shorter petioles : heads 

 4 or 5 lines high : involucral bracts subulate-linear : rays 6 to 8 and short, sometimes fewer, 

 occasionally none. — Bull. Torr. Club, x. 87. — Springy ground, Lake Co., California, Cleve- 

 land, Pringle. 



