388 COMPOSITE. Smecio. 



S. Toluccanus, DC. Prodr. vi. 428 ; Gray, Proo. Am. Acad, xviii. 110 : apparently a com- 

 mon Mexican species. 



Var. microdontus. About 2 feet high from a short rootstock or caudex : leaves 

 thickish and firm; radical obovate to oblong, obscurely veiny, mostly acute, numerously 

 denticulate, 2 to 6 inches long, tapering into shorter wing-margined petioles ; cauline sessile, 

 few and oblong-lanceolate toward the base of the stem, or commonly only one or two small 

 and bract-like ones on a scapiform stem, these subtending the rather few-headed branches 

 of the cyme : heads nearly half-inch high : involucral bracts linear : rays 6 to 10, conspicu- 

 ous. — Pinos Altos Mountains, New Mexico, Greene. Mountains of S. Arizona, Pringle, 

 Lemmon. Agrees with a specimen of coll. Seemann, N. W. Mexico, but not well with S. 

 Toluccanus, var. modestus, Schultz Bip. in Bot. Herald, 211. Approaches very smooth forms 

 of S. lugens. 



2. Not glaucous, usually more or less woolly-pubescent when young, and the wool sometimes tar- 

 dily deciduous, often quite glabrate and green at flowering time : heads many-flowered : rays 

 8 to 12, conspicuous. 



S. integerrimus, Nutt. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, or the radical elongated-oblong, quite 

 entire or denticulate ; upper ones reduced and bract-like, attenuate-subulate from a dilated 

 base : heads several, umbellately cymose, commonly half-inch high : involucral bracts narrow, 

 acute or acuminate. — Gen. ii. 165, & Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, PI. ii. 439. 



— Dakota to Wyoming and Saskatchewan ; first coll. by Nuttall. 



S. lugens, Richards. Lightly floccose-woolly when young, in the typical form early gla- 

 brate and bright green -. stem 6 inches to 2 feet high, few- and small-leaved and naked above, 

 terminated by a cyme of several or rather numerous heads (these about 5 lines high) : radical 

 and lower cauline leaves spatulate, varying to oval or oblong, either gradually or abruptly 

 contracted at base into a winged or margined short petiole, usually repand- or callous-den- 

 ticulate; upper cauline lanceolate or reduced and bract-like: bracts of the campanulate 

 involucre lanceolate, with obtuse or acutish commonly blackish-sphacelate tips: rays 10 or 

 12, conspicuous. — App. Prankl. Journ. ed. 2, 31 ; Hook. PL i. 332, t. 114; Torr. & Gray, PI. 

 ii. 439; Eaton, Bot. King Exp. 188, var. Iiookeri, chiefly, & var. Parryi. S. campestris, 

 Hook. f. Arct. PI. 294, 332, partly. Cineraria pratensis, Herder, PI. Radd. ii. 127, in part. — 

 Low or moist grounds, Subarctic America to Kotzebue Sound t through the whole Rocky 

 Mountains to New Mexico, and west to California. In various forms. 



Var. foliosus, Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 413. Ploccose wool usually persistent up to 

 flowering, and vestiges remaining to near maturity : stem seldom over a foot high, stouter, 

 more leafy to hear the inflorescence : leaves comparatively large, oblong to broadly lanceo- 

 late : heads often very numerous and crowded in the corymbiform cyme, then narrower : 

 tips of involucral- bracts conspicuously blackish. — 5. exaltatus, Nutt., var. minor, Gray, Am. 

 Jour. Sci. 1. c. 406. S. lugens, var. exaltatus, Eaton, 1. c. — Mountains of Colorado and Utah, 

 from base up to 10,000 or 12,000 feet; first coll. by Parry. 



Var. exaltatus, Gray, 1. c. Lightly floccose when young, and not rarely with looser 

 and more persistent scattered hairs : stem stout, 1 to 3 or even 4 or 5 feet high : leaves 

 thickish ; radical longer-petioled, from spatulate-lanceolate to obovate or ovate, the broader 

 ones abrupt and sometimes even subcordate at base ; cauline occasionally laciniate-dentate : 

 heads mostly numerous in the cyme. — S. exaltatus, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. 1. 410; 

 Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Wet ground, Brit. Columbia and Idaho to California, where it connects 

 with the next species. 



Var. ochroleucus. Rays yellowish-white : otherwise like broader-leaved forms of 

 the preceding, some radical leaves subcordate. — S. cordatus, Nutt. 1. c. 411, probably, but 

 color of flowers not noted. — Open woods, on Columbia River, Klikitat Co., Washington 

 Terr., Suksdorf. 



3. Like the preceding, but with fewer-flowered heads and fewer or no rays : upper leaves occa- 

 sionally incised. 



S. aronicoides, DC. Robust, lightly floccose when young, and usually with some decid- 

 uous villosity, 1 to 3 feet high : leaves variable, from broadly ovate to oblong, repand-den- 

 ticnlate to coarsely dentate, or cauline sometimes pinnatifid-laciniate : heads mostly smaller 

 than in preceding, often only 10-12-flowered : rays when present only one or two and short. 



— Prodr. vi. 426; Torr. & Gray, PL ii. 441 ; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 414. — S. exaltatus, var. 



