424 COMPOSITE. Apargidium. 



225. APARG-f DIUM, Torr. & Gray. (Likeness to Apargia, a sort of 

 Dandelion.) — Fl. ii. 474; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 439. — Single species. 



A. boreale, Tore. & Gray, 1, c. Glabrous and slender perennial : leaves wholly radical, 

 linear-lanceolate, entire or nearly so, thinnish : scapes at length a foot high : involucre half 

 to three-fourths inch high : corollas deep yellow, conspicuous. — Apargia borealis, Bongard, 

 Veg. Sitch. 146. Leontodon boreale, DC. Prodr. vii. 102. Microseris borealis, Schultz Bip., 

 ex Herder in PI. Radd. iii. (4), 28. — Wet meadows and bogs, Alaskan Islands {Mertens, 

 &c.) to Mendocino Co., California. Mature akenes not yet seen. 



226. HIERACIUM, Tourn. Hawkweed. (The Greek and Latin name, 

 from Upd£, a hawk.) — • A huge European genus, and with a moderate number of 

 peculiar American species ; perennial herbs, often with toothed but never deeply 

 lobed leaves ; heads in ours from small to barely middle-sized, paniculate, rarely 

 solitary ; the flowers yellow, in one species white, produced in summer and 

 autumn, usually open through the day. — Frcelich in DC. Prodr. vii. 198 ; Fries, 

 Symb. Hist. Hier. (1848), & Epicrisis Hier. (18G2) ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. PI. 

 ii. 516 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 65. Sections after Fries. 



H. Kalmii, L. The original in the Linnaean herbarium is some wholly undetermined plant, 

 probably not at all from Pennsylvania/nor from America, certainly not of this genus. 



§ 1. Pilos^lla, Fries. Involucre not distinctly calyculate nor regularly 

 much imbricate : pappus a single series of delicate bristles : akenes oblong, trun- 

 cate : natives of the Old "World. 



H. aurantiacum, L. Somewhat stoloniferous from the tufted rootstocks, long-hirsute and 

 above setose-hispid as well as setulose-glandular, the involucre especially with dark hairs : 

 leaves radical and near the base of the simple scape or peduncle : heads (four lines high) in 

 a naked cymose cluster: flowers deep orange-color to flame-color: pappus whitish. — Jacq. 

 PI. Austr. t. 410; Fl. Dan. t. 1112. — Escaped from gardens to roadsides and fields in several 

 places, New England and New York. (Nat. from Eu.) 



H. piueAltum, Vill. Glaucous, 2 feet or more high : stems scapiform, leafy only near the 

 base, and there (as also the lanceolate leaves) sparsely beset with bristly hairs : heads rather 

 numerous in an open cyme: involucre about three lines high. — A form of this appears to 

 be established, along fences and field borders, near Evans Mills and Carthage, N. New York, 

 L. F. Ward. (Nat. from Eu.) 



§ 2. AechierjCcium, Fries. Involucre of the comparatively large heads 

 irregularly more or less imbricated : pappus of more copious and unequal bristles : 

 akenes columnar, truncate : chiefly natives of the Old "World. 



# Stem scapiform, or only with a leaf or two above the base. 



H. murdrum, L. The form called H. proscox, Schultz Bip., or nearly : leaves thin, oval or 

 oblong, obtuse, incisely dentate toward the subcordate base : scapiform stem a foot or less 

 high, bearing few or several cymose heads : involucre 4 or 5 lines high, dark-glandular. — 

 Open woodlands near Brooklyn, New York, Merriam. Also apparently in Lower Canada. 

 (Nat. from Eu.) 



H. vulgatum, Fries. Habit of the preceding, or more leafy: leaves from 'oblong to 

 broadly lanceolate, mostly acute at both ends, decurrent on the petiole : heads few, rather 

 smaller than in the foregoing. — Novit. ii. 258, Symb. Hier. 115, & Epicr. 98; Eeichenb. Ic. 

 PI. Germ. xix. t. 1526, 1527. II. sylvaticum, Smith (that of L. is rather H. murorum) ; PI. 

 Dan. t. 1113; Schlecht. in Linn. x. 87. H. molle, Pursh, Fl. ii. 503, not Jacq. — Labrador, 

 Kohlmeisier, &c. Canada, on shores of the Lower St. Lawrence (Macoun), there perhaps 

 introduced. (Greenland, Eu., N. Asia.) 

 H. ALpisuM, L., which has only a single large and dark-haired head, is in Greenland only, 



beyond our range. 



