Crepis. COMPOSITE. 431 



narrow, 10-striate, the summit with a more or less dilated disk bearing the soft deciduous pap- 

 pus. — Youngia, Ledeb., &c, not Cass. 



C. nana, Richards. Forming depressed tufts on slender creeping rootstocks : leaves 

 chiefly radical (inch or two long, including petiole or attenuate base), obovate to spatulate, 

 entire, repand-dentate, or lyrate, commonly equalling the clustered scapes or stems : heads 

 in fruit half-inch high or nearly : akenes linear, unequally costate, obscurely contracted 

 under the moderately dilated pappiferous disk. — App. Frankl. Journ. ed. 2, 92; Hook. 

 App. Parry Voy. 397, 1. 1, & Fl. i. 297 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 488. Hleracium, etc., Gmel. Fl. 

 Sibir. ii. 20, t. 7. Prenanthes pygmaa, Ledeb. in Mem. Acad. Petrop. v. 553. P. polymorpha, 

 Ledeb. Fl. Alt. iv. 144. Barkhausia nana, DC. Prodr. vii. 156. Youngia pi/gmiea, Ledeb. 

 Fl. Ross. ii. 838. — Arctic coast and islands, and alpine mountain summits south to Colorado 

 and the Sierra Nevada in California. (N. Asia.) 



0. elegans, Hook. Many-stemmed from a perennial tap-root, a span to a foot high, 

 diffusely branched : leaves entire or nearly so ; radical spatulate, cauline from lanceolate to 

 linear : heads smaller or narrower than in the preceding : akenes linear-fusiform, minutely 

 scabrous on the equal narrow ribs, attenuate into a short slender beak, which is discoid 

 dilated at summit. — Fl. i. 297 ; DC. Prodr. vii. 172; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Barkhausia elegans, 

 Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 435. — Saskatchewan district to Dakota and Montana; first 

 coll. by Drummond. 



+- -t— More robust and taller, with scapiform or few-leaved stems and larger heads: akenes 



thicker, not discoid-dilated at the insertion of the pappus. 

 ++ No furfuraceous or canescent pubescence: foliage mostly glabrous: involucre campanulate, 

 many-flowered; its bracts lanceolate or linear, acute, little thickened below after flowering: 

 thick root possibly biennial, probably perennial : heads few or several and loosely corymbosely 

 cymose: pappus not remarkably copious. — Crepidium, Nutt. 

 C. glauoa, Tore. & Grat. Usually scapose, a foot or two high, glaucescent or glaucous : 

 radical leaves from obovate-spatulate to lanceolate, from entire to laciniate-pinnatifid : invo- 

 lucre 4 lines high, glabrous or nearly so, as also the peduncles : akenes oblong, with slightly 

 narrowed summit, strongly and evenly 10-costate. — Fl. ii. 488 ; Eaton, Bot. King Exp. 203 ; 

 Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 43G. Crepidium glaucum, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 436. — Moist 

 and saline ground, Saskatchewan and Nebraska, Utah and Nevada. Probably Arizona 

 (Rothrock), but specimen too young and leafy, and peduncles sparingly hispidulous-glandu- 

 lar. Crepidium caulescens, Nutt. 1. c, is probably a somewhat leafy-stemmed form. 

 C. runcinata, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Not glaucous or slightly so, a foot or two high : radi- 

 cal leaves obovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, from repand to runcinate-pinnatifid with short 

 lobes or teeth ; cauline none, or small and narrow at the forks : involucre half-inch high or 

 smaller, pubescent, often hirsute, sometimes (with peduncles and upper part of scape) 

 glandular-hispidulous : akenes narrowly oblong, moderately narrowed upward, somewhat 

 evenly 10-costate. — C. biennis, var., Hook. Fl. i. 297, not L. C. biennis, var. Americana, 

 DC. Prodr. vii. 163. Hieracium runcinatum, James in Long Exped. i. 453; Torr. in Ann. 

 Lye. N. Y. ii. 209. Crepidium runcinatum, Nutt. 1. c. — Saskatchewan to Montana and 

 south to Colorado and Utah, in subalpine swamps ; first coll. by James. 

 C. Andersoni, Gray. Not glaucous, a foot or more high ; leaves laciniately pinnatifid or 

 dentate, but not runcinate : involucre half to three-fourths inch high, cinereous-pubescent, of 

 broader and firmer bracts, more imbricated, outermost oblong- to ovate-lanceolate : akenes 

 fusiform, unequally 8-10-costate, tapering into a, short but manifest beak. — Proc. Am. 

 Acad. vi. 553, & Bot. Calif, i. 436. — Eastern Sierra Nevada, California and adjacent Nevada, 

 in low grounds : a form with a cauline leaf or two in uplands ; first coll. by Anderson. 

 ++ ++ Furfuraceous- or cinereous-pubescent, at least the foliage, sometimes also hirsute, deep- 

 rooted perennials, more or less leafy-stemmed : akenes oblong to fusiform, beakless, 10-12-cos- 

 tate : pappus of very copious bristles, persistent : bracts of involucre at length with more or 

 less thickened or carinate midrib, at least the base : leaves usually laciniate-pinnatifid. — Crepis 

 § Lepto'heca & Psilochenia, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 437", but false character of akenes 

 of the latter, and outer flowers not sterile. Species difficult. 

 = Principal bracts of the narrow involucre and flowers 5 to 8 : no hirsute pubescence : pappus 

 moderately copious and soft. 

 C. acuminata, Nutt. 1. c. Minutely cinereously-puberulent below, but green : stem slen- 

 der, 1 to 3 feet high, 1-3-leaved, bearing a fastigiate or corymbiform cyme of numerous 



