Prtmanthes. COMPOSITE. 433 



§ 1. NXbaltjs, Endl., with more contracted inflorescence, dull-colored flowers, 

 more nerved akenes (only in the last species tapering at summit), and stiller 

 sordid pappus. (North American & North Asiatic.) — Nabalus, Cass. Diet, xliii. 

 281 ; Hook. Fl. i. 293 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 480. Harpalyce, Don, in Edinb. 

 Phil. Jour. vi. 305, not DC. Fl. late summer and autumn. 



# Heads 20-35-flowered, comparatively broad, corymbosely paniculate: leaves mostly wing- 

 petioled. # 



P. crepidinea, Michx. Minutely pubescent or partly glabrous : stem stout, 5 to 9 feet high, 

 branching above, leafy up to the short branches of inflorescence : leaves ample, ovate-deltoid, 

 or radical hastate and uppermost oblong, acutely or laciniately dentate : involucre half to 

 two-thirds inch long, oblong-campanulate, sparsely hirsute: flowers ochroleucous : akenes 

 finely 12-15-costate, four or five of the ribs stronger : pappus sordid. — Fl. ii. 84. Harpalyce 

 crepidina, Don ex Steud. Nabalus crepidineus, DC. Prodr. vii. 241 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 483. 

 — Rich soil, Penn. and western borders of New York to Illinois and Kentucky ; first coll. by 

 Michaux. 



* # Heads 8-15-flowered, narrow, crowded or sometimes scattered in an elongated racemiform or 

 thyrsoid-virgate inflorescence which terminates the simple (1 to 5 feet high) stem : cauline 

 leaves sessile; radical and lower tapering into winged petioles, not cordate or deltoid ; all simply 

 pinnately veined : root usually fusiform-thickened or tuberous, simple or palmately branched. 



-f— Thyrsus hirsute or pubescent : heads little or not at all drooping, on pedicels much shorter than 

 the involucre, 12-14-flowered : akenes at maturity about 15-nerved, somewhat angled by four or 

 five of the nerves being stronger: stems leafy up to the strict thyrsus: leaves ordinarily only 

 denticulate, lower spatulate-oblong to obovate. 



P. aspera, Michx. 1. c. Minutely scabrous-pubescent or below puberulent: upper leaves 

 lanceolate, not clasping : thyrsus a foot or two long : involucre roughish-hirsute : flowers 

 yellowish cream-color. — P. Illinoensis, Pers. Syn. ii. 366 ; Pursh, Fl. ii. 500. Chondrilla 

 Illinoensis, Poir. Suppl. ii. 331. Nabalus Illinoensis, DC. Prodr. vii. 242. N. asper, Torr. & 

 Gray, 1. c. — Prairies and barrens, Ohio and Kentucky to Iowa and Louisiana ; first coll. by 

 Michaux. 



P. racemosa, Michx. 1. c. Leaves and stem glabrous and glaucous : upper cauline leaves 

 lanceolate to ovate, partly clasping, the broader ones by cordate or auriculate base : thyrsus 

 a span to 2 feet long : involucre rather loosely hirsute : flowers purplish. — Harpalyce race- 

 mosa, Don ex Steud. ; Beck, Bot. 168. Nabalus racemosus, DC. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — 

 Moist or low ground, N. Maine and Canada, also New Jersey, to Saskatchewan and the 

 Rocky Mountains, south to Colorado ; first coll. by Michaux. 



Var. pinnattflda. Large: leaves all lyrately or laciniately pinnatifid. — y. race- 

 mosus, var., Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Hackensack Marshes, New Jersey, Carey. 



+- •)— Thyrsus and whole plant smooth and glabrous : heads pendulous and more pedicellate, in a 

 looser racemiform thyrsus, 8-12-flowered: akenes about -5-nerved or angled, the intermediate 

 nerves obscure. 



P. Mainensis. About two feet high, leafy up to and into the panicle : leaves nearly those 

 of P. racemosa, but thinner and less glaucous ; the radical ovate, commonly with abrupt or 

 rounded base ; upper subtending clusters of the interrupted narrow thyrsus : heads all droop- 

 ing both before and after anthesis, resembling those of the following species. — Shore of the 

 St. John's River, at St. Francis, N. Maine, Pringle. Growing with or near P. racemosa. 

 And a looser form of the latter, " very common on the St. John's River," Goodale, is some- 

 what between the two ; so that this may be a hybrid of P. racemosa with P. serpentaria. 



P. virgata, Michx. 1. c. Glaucescent, very smooth, 2 to 4 feet high, very strict : .radical 

 and lower leaves oblong-lanceolate, deeply sinuate-pinnatifid or pinnately parted, and divis- 

 ions sometimes lobed or few-toothed ; upper not clasping, decreasing to linear-lanceolate 

 and entire, and to small subulate bracts of the naked and slender (1 or 2 feet long) race- 

 miform inflorescence: flowers whitish or pale flesh-color: pappus sordid-stramineous.— 

 Willd. Spec. iii. 1533; Pursh, 1. c. ; Ell. Sk. ii. 258. P. autumnalis, &c, Gronov. Fl. Virg. ; 

 Walt. Car. 193. P. simplex, Pursh, 1. c. Harpalyce virgata, Don ex Steud.; Beck, 1. c. 

 Nabalus virgatus, DC. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Moist ground in pine barrens, New Jersey 

 to Florida, in the low country. 



28 



