Campanula. CAMPANULACE.E. H 



Linsecomii, Buckley, Proc. Acad. Philad. 1861, 460. — Arkansas to W. Texas and Colorado. 

 Leaves an inch long or less. Expanded corolla half to three-fourths inch wide. 

 S. Lindheimeri, Vatke. Larger than the last : stems erect or diffuse (1 to 3 feet long), 

 paniculately branched above : leaves oblong-lanceolate or the lower oblong or spatulate : 

 flowers subsessile or short-peduncled, commonly terminating branchlets : stigmas 3 or 4 : cells 

 of the ovary as many : calyx-lobes even in close-fertilized flowers 5, about the length of 

 the ovary : capsules angular, narrowed to the base, mostly straight, not twisted, opening 

 by 2 or 3 downwardly turned or irregularly bursting small valves below the summit, and 

 afterwards somewhat disposed to be septicidal : seeds almost orbicular, flattened. — Linn, 

 xxxviii. 713 ; Gray, 1. c. Campanula Coloradoense, Buckley, 1. c. — W. Texas, on the Colo- 

 rado and Guadaloupe, &c. Larger leaves two inches long. Expanded corolla sometimes 

 an inch broad. 



§ 2. DYSMicdDOX, Endl. Flowers dimorphous. Capsule rather short, straight, 

 not disposed to split. — Dysmicodon, Nutt. 1. c. 



S. biflora, Gray. Stem slender, mostly simple or branched from the base, minutely and 

 retrorsely serrulate-hispid on the angles : leaves sessile, ovate or oblong, or the upper re- 

 duced to lanceolate bracts, sparingly somewhat crenate : flowers sessile, singly or in pairs 

 in the axils : the lower and close-fertilized ones with 3 or 4 short subulate or ovate calyx- 

 lobes; the upper with 4 or 5 longer lanceolate-subulate calyx-lobes shorter than the 

 developed corolla : capsule oblong and eylindraceous or slightly fusiform, obscurely ribbed, 

 the 2 or 3 valvular openings close under the calyx : seeds lenticular. — Proc. Am. Acad. 1. c. 

 Campanula biflora, Ruiz. & Pav. Fl. Per. ii. 55, t. 200, f. 6. C. Motitei.idensis, Spreng.? C. Lu- 

 doviciana, Torr. ined. C. intermedia, Engelm. in Nutt. 1. c. Dysmicodon Calif ornicum & 

 D. ovation, Nutt. 1. u. Specularia ovata, Vatke, 1. c. — Open grounds, often with the next, 

 S. Carolina to Texas and Arkansas ; also in California. Leaves half an inch or less in 

 length, the uppermost shorter than the flowers. (S. Am.) 



S. perfoliata, A.DC. Stems commonly stouter and simple (8 to 20 inches high), very leafy 

 throughout, hirsute or hispid on the angles, sometimes smoother : leaves round-cordate 

 and clasping, mostly crenate, veiny : flowers sessile singly or clustered in the axils : calyx- 

 lobes of the close-fertilized flowers 3 or 4 and short, of the later and corolliferous flowers 

 as long as the ovary : capsule oblong or somewhat obconical ; the 2 or 3 valvular open- 

 ings at or below the middle: seeds lenticular. — Torr. FI. N. Y. i. 428, t.65. Campanula 

 perfoliata, L. ; HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. t. 265. C. iimplexieaiilis, Michx., &c. Dysmicodon 

 perfoliatum, Nutt. 1. c. — Open gravelly ground, Canada to Texas, Utah, and Oregon. 

 (Ilex., &c.) 



4. CAMPANULA, Tourn. Bell-flower, Hare-bell. (Italian Oam- 

 pana, a bell.) — Flowers mostly showy or pretty and blue or white, in summer. 

 Seeds smooth. A very large genus, dispersed over the northern hemisphere, but 

 scanty in North America. Ours all have a 3-celled ovary, and all but one on our 

 north-western borders have naked sinuses to the calyx. " Canterbury-bells " of 

 the gardens, C. Medium, represents the section with reflexed appendages in the 

 sinuses of the calyx, covering the tube, and the cells to the ovary as many as 

 lobes to the corolla. 



§ 1. Calyx with deflexed appendages at the sinuses more or less covering the 

 tube : our species perennial and the stigmas and cells of the ovary 3. 



C. pilosa, Pall. Stems an inch to a span high, 1-flowered, when young woolly-pubescent : 

 leaves mainly radical, from ovate to spatulate-lanceolate, crenate ; the cauline from lan- 

 ceolate to linear : calyx-lobes ovate-lanceolate : corolla an inch or more long, open-cam- 

 panulate, internally soft-bearded ; its tube longer than the lobes and surpassing the calyx. 

 — Roem. & Sch. Syst. v. 148; Ledeb. Ic. t. 209; Herder in Radde, Reis. iv. 6. C. dasyantha, 

 Bieb. Cauc. ; Reichenb. Ic. Crit. i. t. 85; A.DC. Camp. t. 10, f. 4. C. Pallasiana, Roem. & 

 Sch. 1. c. C. Altaica, A.DC. 1. c. 229, 1. 10, f. 3. — Alaska, Aleutian Islands, and northward. 

 (Kamtschatka and Siberia.) 



