CMmaphila. ERICACEAE. 45 



the calyx. Petals imbricated (or sometimes nearly convolute) in the bud. Fila- 

 ments usually subulate : anthers fixed near the middle, in the bud extrorse, after 

 expansion becoming introrse. Stigmas over the cells according to Baillon, Adans. 

 i. 201. Fl. summer. 



C. alnifolia, L. (Sweet Pepperhush.) Shrub 3 to 10 feet high : leaves cuneate-obovate 

 or oblong, sharply serrate, entire toward the base, prominently straight-veined, short-petioled : 

 racemes erect, mostly panicled : filaments glabrous: flowers spicy-fragrant. — Lam. 111. 

 t.369; Schk. Handb. 1. 118; Michx. Fl. L 260. (Alnifolia Americana, &c.,~Pluk. Aim. t. 115, 

 f. 1; Catesb. Car. 1, t. 66.) C. dentata, Ait. Kew. ed. 1, ii. 70, with strongly serrate leaves. 

 C. panlculala, Ait. 1. <_■., with less toothed cuneate-lanceolate leaves green and glabrous both 

 sides. C. scabra, Pers. Syn. i. 482, with leaves somewhat scabrous above and more or less 

 pubescent beneath, as is common. — Wet woods and swamps, Maine to Florida, at the 

 north only along the coast. 



Var. tomentosa, Michx., 1- c. More or less hoary : leaves tomentose-canescent 

 beneath. — C. tomentosa, Lam. Diet. ii. 46 ; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3743. C. Incana, Pers. 1. c. 

 C. pubescens, Willd. Enum. 455. — S. Atlantic States, passing into the other forms. 



C. acuminata, Michx. Tall shrub or small tree : leaves ample (3 to 7 inches long), 

 oval or oblong, acuminate, closely and sharply serrate almost to the base, with somewhat 

 curved veins and rather long petioles, almost glabrous : racemes mostly solitary, nodding : 

 caducous bracts longer than the flowers : filaments hirsute, usually also the base of the 

 petals within the capsule hirsute. — Bart. Fl. Am. Sept. iii. t. 71 ; Lodd. Cab. t. 1427. 

 C. montana, Bartram ; Duham. Arb. ed. nov. v. 130. — Woods of the Alleghanies, Virginia 

 to Georgia. 



25. CHIMAFHILA, Pursh. Pipsissewa, &c. (Composed of yeipa, winter, 

 and cfilta, to love, being a sort of " Wintergreen.") — Low, with running lignes- 

 cent stolons, thick and shining toothed leaves either scattered or often imperfectly 

 opposite or verticillate on the short ascending stems, narrowish : a few flesh- 

 colored or white fragrant waxy-looking flowers on a terminal naked peduncle, 

 produced in early summer. Petioles short. Calyx 5-parted. Cells of the anther 

 oblong, with a short narrow neck under the orifice, imperfectly 2-locellate, at 

 least when young. Stigma very broad, obscurely 5-radiate. Bracts scaly. — We 

 have all the species, except one in Japan, near C. Menziesii. 



C. umbellata, Nutt. (Pipsissewa, Prince's Pine.) A span or two high, very leafy 

 in irregular clusters or whorls, often branched : leaves cuneate-lanceolate, with tapering 

 base, sharply serrate, not spotted, shining : peduncle 4-7-flowered : bracts narrow, de- 

 ciduous: filaments hairy on the margins only. — Bart. Mat. Med. i. t. 1 ; Hook. Fl. i. 49. 

 C. cori/mbosa, Pursh, Fl. i. 300. Pi/rola umbellata, L. ; Lam. 111. t. 367; Fl. Dan. t. 1336; 

 Bot. Mag. t. 778; Bigel. Med. Bot. t. 21. P. con/mbosa, Bertol. Misc. iii. 12, t. 3. — Dry and 

 especially coniferous woods, Canada to Georgia, west to the Pacific from Br. Columbia to 

 California. (Mex., Eu., Japan.) 



C. Menziesii, Spreng. A span high, sparingly branched from the base : leaves from 

 ovate to oblong-lanceolate, acute at both ends, small (6 to 18 lines long), sharply serrulate, 

 the upper surface often mottled with white : peduncle 1-3-flowered : bracts ovate or 

 roundish : filaments slender, with a round dilated portion in the middle villous : flowers 

 smaller, about half inch in diameter. — Syst. ii. 317; Hook. 1. c. t. 138; Gray, Bot. Calif, 

 i. 459. Pi/rola Menziesii, R. Br.; Don in Wern. Trans, v. 245. ^Coniferous woods, British 

 Columbia to California. 



C. maculata, Pursh, 1. c. (Spotted Wintergreen.) A span or more in height, more 

 simple : leaves oblong- or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse at base (an inch or two long), sparsely 

 and very sharply serrate ; the upper surface variegated with white : peduncle 2-5-flowered : 

 bracts linear-subulate : filaments villous in the middle : flower comparatively large, three- 

 fourths inch in diameter. — Bart. Fl. Am. Sept. i. 40, t. 11 ; Radius, Diss. Pyr. t. 5, f . 2 ; 

 Torr. Fl. N. Y. 1, t. 70. Pyroln maculata, L. ; Bot. Mag. t. 897.— Dry woods, Canada to 

 Georgia and Mississippi. 



