150 POLEMONIACE.E. Polemonium. 



summer. Anthers commonly oblong in the bud, oval in the blossom. Hypogy- 

 nous disk fleshy and saucer-shaped, somewhat crenate. Seed-coat developing 

 mucilage and spiricles when wetted. Genus marked rather by habit than char- 

 acter, the first and last sections too near Gilia. 



§ I. Corolla strictly or even narrowly funnelform ; its tube more or less ex- 

 ceeding the oblong or cylindraceous calyx, prominently longer than the lobes : fila- 

 ments naked or nearly so and not dilated at base, usually inserted on the middle 

 of the tube, or occasionally adnate higher : leaflets very small and crowded, so as 

 seemingly to be verticillate : inflorescence capitate-congested or spiciform : cespi- 

 tose perennial. (Transition to Gilia.) 



P. confertum, Gray. A span or more high from a tufted rootstock, glandular-pubes- 

 cent and viscid, musky-fragrant : radical petioles conspicuously scarious-dilated and sheath- 

 ing at base : leaflets 1 to 3 lines long, mostly 2-3-divided, and so appearing as if in fascicles 

 or whorls ; the divisions from round-oval to oblong-linear : flowers densely crowded, honey- 

 scented : corolla deep blue, from half to a full inch long ; its roundish lobes 2-J or 3 lines 

 long: ovules about 3 in each cell. — Proc. Acad. Philad. 1863, 73, Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 280, 

 & Bot. Calif, i. 500 ; Watson, Bot. King, 271 ; Robinson, Garden, 1876, with a colored 

 plate. P. viscosum, Nutt. PI. Gamb. 154, in small part. — Alpine region of the Rocky Moun- 

 tains from lat. 49° southward to Colorado, Utah, Nevada, and in the high Sierra Nevada, 

 California. 



Var. mellitum, Gray, 1. c. Usually a taller form : inflorescence more lax and leafy, 

 becoming spiciform or racemose : corolla pale or sometimes white, fully an inch long, more 

 narrowly funnelform ; the lobes only one third or fourth the length of the tube. — With the 

 ordinary form in Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah. 



§ 2. Corolla campanulate-funnelform, with tube not surpassing the open cam- 

 panulate calyx and shorter than the ample spreading limb : filaments usually 

 dilated and pilose-appendaged at base : inflorescence open and with very few 

 bracts : leaflets simple and entire, sometimes confluent : root perennial. 



* Low, about a span high from cespitose-branching and mostly thickened rootstocks : flowering 

 stems only 1-3-leaved: flowers cymulose: leaflets seldom half an inch long. 



P. viscosum, Nutt. Dwarf and with thick densely tufted rootstocks, viscid-puberulent : 

 leaflets very numerous and crowded or even imbricated, thickish, ovate or roundish, at most 

 a line and a half long : flowers in a rather close cymulose cluster : corolla blue or whitish, 

 barely twice the length of the calyx, its rounded lobes (2 lines long) about the length of the 

 included tube: filaments not appendaged at base. — PI. Gamb. 154 (mainly, excluding 

 what relates to the " elongated lanceolate segments of the calyx ") ; Gray, Proc. Am. 

 Acad. 1. c. — High Rocky Mountains, towards the sources of the Platte, NuttaU. 



P. humile, Willd. More slender, and from somewhat creeping rootstocks, more or less 

 viscid-pubescent : leaflets 15 to 21, from round-oval to oblong, 2 to 6 lines long : flowers 

 rather few in the clusters : corolla blue or purplish ; its ampler rounded lobes much longer 

 than the short included tube : filaments pilose at the dilated base : ovules 2 to 4 and seeds 

 1 or 2 in each cell. — Roem. & Sch. Syst. iv. 792; Cham, in Linn. vi. 562. A polymor- 

 phous or complex species, of which the large-flowered high northern form, with rather long 

 viscid pubescence about the calyx, &c, may be taken as type, after Chamisso, viz. his P. 

 humile and his var. macranthum. P. Richardsonii, Graham in Bot. Mag. t. 2800. P. lanatum, 

 Fischer. P. capitatum, Benth. in DC. Prodr. ix. 317, mainly (excl. syn. Lindl. Bot. Reg., 

 which belongs rather to P. cceruleum ; also excluding the original of Eschscholtz, from Cali- 

 fornia, which must be Gilia multicaulis or G. achillew folia). P. pulchellum, var. macranthum, 

 Ledeb. PI. Ross. iii. 85. — Arctic coast to St. Paul's and Shumagin Islands. (Kamts. 

 to Spitzbergen.) Lobes of the corolla often 5 lines long. 



Var. pulchellum. Viscid pubescence mostly minute, or the leaflets often nearly 

 glabrous and naked : flowers smaller : the lobes of the corolla only 3 or 2 lines long, violet 

 or lavender blue, in some forms nearly white. (Varies in small-flowered forms with style 

 and even stamens exserted.) — P. pulchellum, Bunge, in Ledeb. Fl. Alt. i. 233, & Ic. Ross. 



