374 LABIATJE. Monarda. 



§ 1. EumonXrda, Benth. Heads solitary and terminal or sometimes 2 or 3, as 

 if proliferous : stamens and style conspicuously exserted from the linear and mostly 

 acute upper lip of the (red, purple, or white) corolla : leaves acutely more or less 

 serrate, pinnately veiny : root perennial. 

 # Leaves distinctly petioled : calyx-teeth little if at all longer than the width of the tube: corolla 

 with middle lobe of lower lip longer and narrower, emarginate. 

 M. didyma, L. (Oswego Tea, Bee-Balm.) Villous-hirsute to glabrate: stem acjrtely 

 4-angled : leaves thin, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate : bracts, &c, tinged with red : calyx 

 slightly hirsute in the throat ; teeth narrowly subulate : corolla nearly glabrous, scarlet- 

 red (1| or 2 inches long"). — Spec. i. 22; Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 546; Schk. Handb. t. 2. M. 

 purpurea, Lam. Diet. iv. 256. M. fistulosa, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 145. M. coccinea, Michx. Fl. 

 i. 16 ; Desc. Ant. v. t. 369. M. Kalmiana, Pursh, Fl. i. 17, 1. 1. M. Oswegoensis, Bart. Prodr. 

 Penn. i. 34. — Wet banks of streamlets, Canada to Michigan, and south to Georgia in the 

 mountains ; also in gardens. 

 M. clinopodia, L. Nearly glabrous to villous-pubescent : stem rather acutely angled : 

 leaves ovate-lanceolate and ovate, slender-petioled, thin, coarsely and sharply serrate: 

 bracts whitish : calyx moderately hirsute in the throat : corolla slightly pubescent, dull 

 white or flesh-colored, an inch long. — Spec. i. 22, excl. syn. Grorfov. M. glabra, Lam. 

 Diet. iv. 256. M. rugosa, Ait. Kew. ed. 1, i. 36. M. altissima, Willd. Enum. 33 ; Reichenb. 

 Ic. Exot. ii. t. 182. Pycnanthemum Monardella, Michx. Fl. ii. 8, t. 34. Monardella Carolin- 

 iana, Benth. Lab. 332. — Shady places, ravines, &c, W. Canada to Illinois, and along the 

 mountains to Georgia. 

 M. fistulosa, L. 1. c. Soft-pubescent with short hairs, or somewhat hairy, or glabrate : 

 stem mostly with obtuse angles : leaves commonly of fjrjner texture than in the preceding : 

 bracts whitish or rarely purplish, the inner mostly hirsute-ciliate : calyx conspicuously and 

 densely bearded at the throat : corolla pubescent, at least on the upper lip, purple or pur- 

 plish-dotted, an inch or more long. — Origanum Jistulosum Canadense, Cornuti, Canad. 13, 

 t. 14. Monarda oblongata, Ait. 1. c, narrow-leaved form. M. longifolia, Lam. 1. c, narrow- 

 leaved form. M. allophylla, Michx. Fl. i. 16. M. varians, Bart. 1. c. M. involucrata, and 

 many others, Wenderoth, Sem. hort. Marb. M. altissima, mollis (Willd.), undulata (Tausch), 

 & affinis (Link), Reichenb. Ic. Exot. t. 170, 171, 181, 182. —Dry soil, Canada and Vermont 

 to Florida and Texas, west to Brit. Columbia and Arizona. The following are the more 

 marked forms of this polymorphous species. 



Var. rubra. Corolla bright crimson- or rose-red : habit of M. didyma, but upper lip 

 of corolla villous-bearded on the back at tip : throat of calyx conspicuously hirsute, with 

 external bristly hairs widely spreading. — M. purpurea, Pursh, 1. c, exel. syn. Bot. Mag.? 

 — Alleghany Mountains, in moist ground. 



Var. media. Corolla deep purple. — M. media, Willd. Enum. 32 ; Sweet, Brit. Fl. 

 Gard. t. 98. M. purpurea, Lodd. Cab. 1. 1396. — Alleghany and southern Rocky Mountains. 

 Var. mollis, Benth. Corolla from flesh-color to lilac, glandular, and its upper lip 

 hairy outside or more bearded at the tip : leaves paler, soft-pubescent beneath, often 

 shorter-petioled ; throat of the calyx mostly filled with dense beard, with or without an 

 external ring of more bristly widely spreading hairs. — M. mollis, L. Amcen. Acad. iii. 399; 

 Reichenb. 1. c. t. 171. M. scabra, Beck (in Am. Jour. Sei. x. 260), & M. mentltmfolia, 

 Graham, in Bot. Mag. t. 2958 ; form with smaller firmer leaves and stem roughish-hirsute 

 on the angles. M. Lindheimeri, Engelm. & Gray, PI. Lindh. i. 20. — This extends to Sas- 

 katchewan, Brit. Columbia, interior of Oregon and Arizona. 



*= * Leaves subsessile or very short-petioled ; floral ones often purplish or whitish : corolla flesh- 

 color or whitish, its lower lip usually spotted with purple: calyx-teeth loose or stellate-spreading 

 after flowering: stem slender: head solitary. 



M. Bradburiana, Beck. Pubescent with slender hairs or glabrate : leaves ovate or 

 ovate-lanceolate from a broad roundish or subcordate base, acuminate : calyx hirsute and 

 somewhat contracted at the orifice ; its teeth elongated and aristiform : tube of the corolla 

 not exceeding the long and narrow pubescent upper lip ; the middle lobe of its broad 

 lower lip much longer than the lateral ones. — Am. Jour. Sci. x. 260; Benth. Lab. 317. 

 M. fistulosa, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3310, excl. syn. M. amplexicaulis, Bischoff, Ind. Sem. 

 Heidelb. 1838. M. villosa, Martens; Walp. Repert. iii. 683. — Thickets, Illinois to Tennes- 

 see and Kansas. 



