94 APPLE LEAVES — HEMEROBIUS SPECIES- 



of meadows and prairies. I have met with it upon peach but never upon apple 

 leaves. The margin of the fore wings presents a curious appearance, being occupied 

 like several of the other species with a row of dots, which, when magnified, resemble 

 a string of bead's, and it is almost always the case that, around the entire margin, 

 every fourth dot is white, the other three being black. 



The Chestnot laoe-wing (H. Castanea:) has all the veins white alternated with 

 black or brown rings, with the usual two series of veinlets black feebly margined 

 with dusky; a large blackish dot on the first longitudinal vein at the apex of the 

 outer basal cells, and a smaller one at the nei^t fork beyond this, and similar dots on 

 the inner rib- vein at the origin of each of the discoidal veins; wings hyaline, the 

 margins faintly tinged with smoky. Body whitish with a large spot under each eye, 

 a stripe on each side of the thorax and a row of spots on each side of the abdomen 

 brown. "Wings expand 0.65. This is one of the most common species throughout 

 the northern and northwestern States, and both the larvae and the perfect insects 

 may always be found upon chestnut trees infested with plant-lice, and also upon the 

 walnut and other trees, from April till October. It varies much in the depth of the 

 color of the dots on the wings and the rings upon the veins, these being sometimes 

 black and very distinct and at other times much more faint, either brown or tawny. 

 The dots on the margin are white interspersed irregularly with black ones. A va- 

 riety has all the rings upon the veins black and more broad than usual, and instead. 

 of the three dots which commonly occur upon the inner rib-vein this vein is annula- 

 ted with Ijlack through its whole length. The larva is white or tawny yellowish, with 

 a slender brown line in the middle and a'row of blackish spots oneach side, the head 

 with two large longitudinal black spots and a black dot above the base of each leg. 

 Its sides have a serrated appearance, from a row of projecting tubercles the tips of 

 which are furnished with slender radiating hairs. , 



The Pkeservee lace-Itinq (H. tutatrix) has translucent wings with white veins, 

 which on the fore wings have black rings at somewhat regular intervals, and from 

 each side of each ring proceeds a short smoky brown line, which is inclined towards 

 the apex of the vein, thus forming a series of V-shaped marks crossing the veins at 

 each ring; near the base of the inner margin of the fore wings are a few black dots. 

 The body throughout is white tinged with yellowish ; the thorax has three brown 

 spots on each side which are often somewhat confluent into a continuous stripe ; the ■ 

 abdomen has a row of eight brown spots each side of the middle, situated upon the 

 sutures. The wings expand 0.60. This is much like the preceding species, but is a 

 size smaller, with the wings more clear and glassy and without any dusky tinge to- 

 wards theu! margins, and with the series of marginal dots all white. It was captured 

 In September upon apple trees. 



The Unixed-veihed iaoe-winq (H. conjunctus) has pellucid wings becoming 

 dusky towards the margins ; veins of the fore wings white with blackish rings and 

 bands ; a blackish spot around each of the veinlets except the two innermost ones 

 and a smaller spot at the base of each discoidal vein ; marginal dots alternately black 

 and brown, the black ones occupying the apices of the veins; lower wings and their ' 

 vems without spots. Wings expand 0,53. The wings are spotted much like those of 

 alternatus, except that the marginis wholly immaculate. Its spotted wings at once 

 separate it from the following species, which differ from all our other lacc-wingswith 



