INTRODUCTION. 51 



Define palliative treatment. 



It is where suffering is allayed, or, where the disease is incur- 

 able, the symptoms moderated and the suffering relieved. 



2. DISEASE. 

 Define disease. 



Disease may be said to be a deviation of an organ from the 

 normal, either in function or structure, or both. 



How may diseases be divided? 



Into functional and organic diseases. 



Give the definition of each. 



A functional disease is one in which there is an alteration of 

 the function of an organ, there being no structural change. 



An organic disease is where there is a change in function due 

 to some structural alteration. 



What is infection ? 



Infection is not only the entrance into the body of living 

 micro-organisms, but also the invasion into the tissues; the latter 

 being in such receptive condition as to allow the growth and mul- 

 tiplication of the organisms. 



Can bacteria be in the body without infection? 



Yes. Bacteria in countless numbers are present and do no 

 harm unless the tissues are in the proper condition to allow them 

 to multiply in great numbers. 



Do these micro-organisms do harm? 



They do when conditions are favorable to their growth and 

 multiplication, in which case they cause diseased conditions or 

 death. 



Is there any other way these bodies cause disease ? 



Yes. Some produce poisons called toxins which do the dam- 

 age. The cases are called intoxications or intoxicative processes. 



What is contagion? 



Contagion and infection are generally used to indicate one 

 and the same thing. Although difficult many times to draw a line 

 between them, contagion should point to those cases where the 



