36 PRACTICE OF EQUINE MEDICINE. 



NOSOLOGY— NOMENCLATURE. 



"What is understood by the terms nosology and nomen- 

 clature ? 



Nosology is the division and classification of diseases; nomen- 

 clature signifies the naming of the diseases. These are both 

 divisions of general pathology. It is desired, in naming of the 

 diseases, that such names chosen shall express the condition pres- 

 ent as well as the location; this, however, is often difficult. 



The following prefixes, suffixes, and roots are some of the 

 most common, and may aid in defining and locating various 

 affections : 



Latin Prefixes. 



ante-, before, as in antemortem, antepartum. 



bi-, two or twice, as in biped, bicuspid. 



circum-, around, as in circumscribed. 



con- (co-, cog-, col-, com-, cor-), together or with, as contraction, 



conception, concussion. 

 contra- (counter-), against, as counterirritation. 

 ex- (e-, ec-, ef-), out, as expectant, excision. 

 inter-, between, as intermittent, intercellular. 

 intra-, intro-, within or into, as intracranial, introduction, 

 non-, not, as nonpoisonous, nonnitrogenized. 

 per-, by or through, as perspire, percolate. 

 post-, after, as postmortem, postpartum. 

 pre-, before, as predispose, prescription, precussory. 

 re-, back, again or anew, as react, respiratory. 

 retro-, backward or behind, as retropulsion, retropharyngeal. 

 sub-, under, after, up, as subnormal, subcutaneous. 

 super-, over, above, too great, as superpurgation, superrenal. 

 trans-, beyond or through, as transudation, transfusion. 



Greek Prefixes. 



a-, an-, am-, without, not, the absence of a thing, as anorexia (loss 



of appetite), apncea (without breath), apterous (without wings), 



anaemic (without blood). 

 amphi-, around, on both sides, as amphibious (living on land and 



in water), amphiarthrosis (articulating both ways). 

 ana-, up, throughout, again, as anasarca (water — throughout the 



flesh). 



