88 PRACTICE OF EQUINE MEDICINE. 



Outline the treatment. 



The indications for treatment point mostly to the parts af- 

 fected; injections of astringent and disinfectant lotions — silver 

 nitrate, 1-100; potassium permanganate, 1-100; bichloride of 

 mercury, 1-10,000 ; zinc sulphate, 1 grain to the ounce ; other drugs 

 used are tannic acid (^ dram to 8 ounces), zinc choride (1 grain 

 to 4 or 8 ounces rose water). Stimulating liniment over loins 

 may be indicated. Castration has been recommended, but seems 

 severe; destruction of the stallions has been ordered in some 

 countries of Europe. 



Internally, potassium iodide, Fowler's solution of arsenic, bel- 

 ladonna, strychnine. 



These animals should be isolated. 



STTKKA. 



What are the synonyms? 



It is called Eot, Trypanosomosis, Relapsing Fever, Pernicious 

 Anaemia. 



Give the definition. 



Surra is an acute specific infectious relapsing febrile disease 

 of equines characterized by remittent fever, subcutaneous oedema, 

 petechias, emaciation and debility. 



What is the history? 



This disease attacks horses, asses, mules, camels, dogs and rats 

 and can be inoculated in rabbits, guinea pigs and other animals. 



It is a disease, particularly of the horse, first known and 

 described in India and has since been quite prevalent in parts of 

 Asia and Africa. Surra has not reached the United States, but 

 may, owing to its prevalence in the Philippines. 



What is the aetiology? 



It is produced by the presence in the blood of a flagellate 

 protozoa called the Trypanosoma Evansi. 



What is the period of incubation ? 



This period varies but is said to be about five to eight days, 

 following inoculation. 



How may the disease be spread ? 



By direct inoculation, by flies and other biting insects, by 

 drinking stagnant and contaminated water, by contaminated pas- 

 tures and by the excrements of animals. 



