90 PKACTICE OF EQUINE MEDICINE. 



Outline the treatment. 



There is no known treatment for the disease itself. Arsenic 

 is said to stop the multiplication of the organisms. Iron, nux 

 vomica and other tonics are indicated. 



Preventative treatment should be our main object. Give pure 

 water, do not use marshy contaminated pastures, or hay from such 

 fields. Be careful about the excrements of rats getting into the 

 food. 



Keep the stables clean, screen the doors and the windows, 

 spray the stables and even the animals with solutions of antisep- 

 tics to keep away or destroy the flies. 



Do not remove infected animals to places where they might 

 carry the disease to other animals, for they should be isolated. 



Destroy diseased animals, bury deeply and cover the carcass 

 with lime or other disinfectants. 



NAGANA. 



What is the synonym? 



It is called the tsetse-fly disease. 



Define nagana. 



It is a specific infectious disease characterized by fever, 

 oedema, rapid emaciation and anaemia. 



Give the aetiology. 



It is caused by the Trypanosoma Brucei which is transmitted 

 from the diseased to the healthy animal by the tsetse-fly. 



What is the period of incubation ? 



In the horse it is about four days. 



What animals may be affected? 



It attacks horses, asses, mules, cattle, dogs, camels, some wild 

 animals, as the buffalo, hyena and antelope. 



It may be inoculated into cats, rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, 

 goats, sheep and monkeys. 



The elephant, zebra, hen and pigeon are said to be immune. 



What are the symptoms? 



There is fever, the temperature (104°-105° F.) which lasts 

 three or four days when it suddenly falls. Then it rises again 

 and soon falls. The coat is rough, the hairs fall out, there is 

 rapid loss of flesh although the appetite remains good. There is 

 a tendency to diarrhoea. (Edematous swellings are present. 



