108 PRACTICE OF EQUINE MEDICINE. 



Outline the treatment. 



It is symptomatic. The tincture of the chloride of iron, potas- 

 sium chlorate, fluid extract of hydrastic canadensis, calcium 

 chloride, ergot, mineral acids are drugs indicated. 



Neurotic medicines are often beneficial, and may be the only 

 means of stopping the hemorrhage. 



Mechanical means are used where they can be applied. 



Pads wet in a fresh infusion of the thymus gland may be 

 used; or the application of fresh blood from a healthy animal may 

 be of service. 



OSTEOMALACIA. 



Name the synonym. 



Cachexia ossifraga. 



Define this disease. 



It is a systemic condition, with a diminution in the amount of 

 calcareous salts in the bones of the adult, characterized by softening 

 and deformity of the bone from reabsorption of these salts. 



What are the post-mortem appearances? 



This disease was described by Koloff in 1856, when the disease 

 became epizootic in Germany. 



An early examination of the bones shows the marrow con- 

 gested, while the remaining portion of the bone appears about 

 normal. The little canals are enlarged, and there is more blood 

 in the vessels. 



As the disease progresses, the medullary cavities become filled 

 up, the presence of which is recognized by little red spots in the 

 marrow. 



On the inner surface, little scales of bone are seen, which soon 

 become absorbed. The bone becomes more brittle, friable, and the 

 walls thinner, on account of the absorption of the lime salts, and 

 are very prone to fracture. 



A section of bone, when seen under the microscope, shows an 

 absence of the salts. 



Give the aetiology of osteomalacia. 



This disease is rarely seen in the equine race, being more 

 commonly met with among bovines. 



