138 PRACTICE OF EQUINE MEDICINE. 



Early sedatives or opiates may be of benefit in some cases, while 

 in others carbonate of ammonia (stimulating expectorant) or the 

 muriate or chloride of ammonia. 



Camphor with ammonium carbonate is often good. Tartar 

 emetic in dry stage is indicated, as it hastens secretion. Powdered 

 digitalis with ammonium carbonate are beneficial where heart is 

 irregular. 



If loss of appetite, try to stimulate it with nux vomica, gentian, 

 etc., added to pills; or, better, doses of the tincture of nux vomica 

 for its bitter effect. Alcohol or whiskey and quinine in some cases. 



Local Treatment. — Counter-irritation. Mustard recommended 

 by some, but it seems to be going out of date — irritates too much. 

 Oiled silk applied around the chest and retained there by means of 

 a sixteen-foot flannel bandage is probably the best form of counter- 

 irritation; the silk, being impervious to air, keeps up a constant 

 sweating, which has a continuous and mild rubefacient effect. 



Soap liniment, with the addition of two ounces of tincture 

 of opium, rubbed in well, is often beneficial. 



In some cases enemas of water are recommended. 



Put the animal in a box-stall having a temperature of about 

 60° to 65° F. (No drafts, but pure air.) Blanket the animal, give 

 the extremities a good hand-rubbing, and apply bandages. 



Potassium nitrate in drinking-water makes a cooling drink 

 and relieves the fever. 



If the animal does not eat well or if the heart is weak, alcohol 

 or whiskey may be substituted in the drinking-water. 



Food. — The animal should be fed on bran mashes, grass, car- 

 rots, apples, or, in some cases, steamed oats. 



CHRONIC BRONCHITIS. 



Give the definition. 



It is a chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane lining 

 the larger and middle-sized bronchial tubes, characterized ly a 

 cough. 



What is the morbid anatomy? 



The mucous membrane shows a variety of changes, depending 

 on the disease with which it is associated; sometimes it is thin, 



