DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. 141 



5- DISEASES OF THE LUNGS. 



PULMONARY CONGESTION. 



Give the synonyms. 



Hyperemia of the lungs, congestion of the lungs. 



Define the same. 



It is an increase in, or an abnormal fulness of, the capillaries 

 of the air-cells. 



Name the forms. 



There are two forms — the active and the passive. 



ACTIVE CONGESTION OF THE LUNGS. 



Active fluxion of the lungs occurs where the heart's action is 

 increased; over-exertion, or the breathing of hot or cold air or irri- 

 tating gases. 



Usually seen late in the fall, where the horse has been standing 

 in the stable for some time, fed well, and taken out for a spin up 

 the road and driven at a lively gait; the first snow-storm, when 

 the animal is taken out and made to go fast. 



Active congestion is also seen in draft horses, especially green 

 horses, in the summer-time, during hot weather, where the animals 

 are forced and overworked. 



A horse taken on trial, where they want to test him, and thus 

 overload and over-drive the animal. 



What are the symptoms? 



Of the active form, there are no positive symptoms. 



Congestion being the first stage of all respiratory inflamma- 

 tions, it may be succeeded by pneumonia, bronchitis, pleurisy, etc. 



A chill may be present at the onset, followed by a rise of tem- 

 perature, which varies from 103° to 105° F.; the respirations are 

 rapid — inspiration and expiration become difficult, and a cough 

 is often present; the pulse is weak and debilitated (an obstructive 

 pulse). The ears and extremities are often cold to the feel. 



Give the physical signs. 



They are not positive; on percussion, resonance; on ausculta- 

 tion, undetermined sounds — may get a feeble or harsh breathing. 



